Abstract
SummaryWe studied the effects of various preservatives (sucrose, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, and acetylsalicylic acid) alone, or in various combinations, on the post-harvest performance of cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers. The effects of packaging material, including boxes (used boxes without vents), newspaper, butter paper (a waxy paper used to avoid moisture loss), craft paper (a thin, less-waxy paper used for wrapping floral bunches), cellophane paper, single cardboard boxes with or without a cellophane lining, and standard double cardboard boxes with or without a cellophane lining, were also studied. Among the preservatives, 4% (w/v) sucrose alone, or combined with 100 mg l–1 acetylsalicylic acid, 200 mg l–1 salicylic acid, or 600 mg l–1 ascorbic acid resulted in longer vase-lives (7.1, 5.6, 5.5, or 5.3 d, respectively). Individual or combined applications of ascorbic acid and/or salicylic acid had no effect on vase-life. Stems in deionised (DI) water or 4% (w/v) sucrose alone had larger petal areas and flower diameters compared to all other preservatives. Pulsing with 0.5 mM silver thiosulphate (STS) for 2 h at room temperature further extended the vase-life, maintained flower diameter, increased petal area, and increased the uptake of vase solution during the first 2 d of the vase period. Stems packed in double-cardboard floral boxes lined with cellophane, or cellophane alone, gave a longer vase-life than newspaper, butter paper, or the spent boxes used by growers in the study area. Packaging in single or double cardboard floral boxes, with or without a cellophane lining, maintained flower quality, increased flower diameter, and increased ion leakage from petals (possibly due to the longer vase-life) more than spent boxes, craft paper, butter paper, or newspaper. By increasing the duration of storage from 2 d to 8 d, vase-life and ion leakage decreased from 4.2 d to 2.6 d, and from 102% to 85%, respectively, while subsequent flower diameter increased to 0.61 cm from a decrease of 0.16 cm.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
4% sucrose alone gave a 7.1 d vase life.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.
Rosa hybrid cultivare1 - Material
- ‘Kardinal’e1
- Treatment
- 4% (w/v) sucrose alonee0
- Outcome
- vase-livese0
- Direction
- longere0
- Value
- 7.1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4% (w/v) sucrose alone, or combined with 100 mg l–1 acetylsalicylic acid, 200 mg l–1 salicylic acid, or 600 mg l–1 ascorbic acid resulted in longer vase-lives (7.1, 5.6, 5.5, or 5.3 d, respectively)”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose with acetylsalicylic acid gave a 5.6 d vase life.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- 100 mg l–1 acetylsalicylic acide0
- Outcome
- vase-livese0
- Direction
- longere0
- Value
- 5.6e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4% (w/v) sucrose alone, or combined with 100 mg l–1 acetylsalicylic acid, 200 mg l–1 salicylic acid, or 600 mg l–1 ascorbic acid resulted in longer vase-lives (7.1, 5.6, 5.5, or 5.3 d, respectively)”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose with salicylic acid gave a 5.5 d vase life.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- 200 mg l–1 salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- vase-livese0
- Direction
- longere0
- Value
- 5.5e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4% (w/v) sucrose alone, or combined with 100 mg l–1 acetylsalicylic acid, 200 mg l–1 salicylic acid, or 600 mg l–1 ascorbic acid resulted in longer vase-lives (7.1, 5.6, 5.5, or 5.3 d, respectively)”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose with ascorbic acid gave a 5.3 d vase life.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- 600 mg l–1 ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- vase-livese0
- Direction
- longere0
- Value
- 5.3 de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4% (w/v) sucrose alone, or combined with 100 mg l–1 acetylsalicylic acid, 200 mg l–1 salicylic acid, or 600 mg l–1 ascorbic acid resulted in longer vase-lives (7.1, 5.6, 5.5, or 5.3 d, respectively)”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid and salicylic acid applications had no effect on rose vase life.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- ascorbic acid and/or salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- vase-lifee0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Individual or combined applications of ascorbic acid and/or salicylic acid had no effect on vase-life”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Deionised water and sucrose alone gave larger petal areas and flower diameters than other preservatives.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- 4% (w/v) sucrose alonee0
- Outcome
- petal areas and flower diameterse0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- all other preservativese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stems in deionised (DI) water or 4% (w/v) sucrose alone had larger petal areas and flower diameters compared to all other preservatives”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver thiosulphate pulsing extended vase life, maintained flower diameter, and increased petal area.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- 0.5 mM silver thiosulphate (STS) for 2 he0
- Outcome
- vase-lifee0
- Direction
- extendede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pulsing with 0.5 mM silver thiosulphate (STS) for 2 h at room temperature further extended the vase-life, maintained flower diameter, increased petal area, and increased the uptake of vase solution during the first 2 d of the vase period”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver thiosulphate pulsing maintained rose flower diameter.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- 0.5 mM silver thiosulphate (STS) for 2 he0
- Outcome
- flower diametere0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pulsing with 0.5 mM silver thiosulphate (STS) for 2 h at room temperature further extended the vase-life, maintained flower diameter, increased petal area, and increased the uptake of vase solution during the first 2 d of the vase period”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver thiosulphate pulsing increased rose petal area.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- 0.5 mM silver thiosulphate (STS) for 2 he0
- Outcome
- petal areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pulsing with 0.5 mM silver thiosulphate (STS) for 2 h at room temperature further extended the vase-life, maintained flower diameter, increased petal area, and increased the uptake of vase solution during the first 2 d of the vase period”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver thiosulphate pulsing increased vase solution uptake during the first two days.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- 0.5 mM silver thiosulphate (STS) for 2 he0
- Outcome
- uptake of vase solutione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- first 2 de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pulsing with 0.5 mM silver thiosulphate (STS) for 2 h at room temperature further extended the vase-life, maintained flower diameter, increased petal area, and increased the uptake of vase solution during the first 2 d of the vase period”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Cellophane-lined double cardboard boxes gave longer vase life than newspaper, butter paper, or spent boxes.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- double-cardboard floral boxes lined with cellophanee0
- Outcome
- vase-lifee0
- Direction
- longere0
- Comparator
- newspaper, butter paper, or the spent boxese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stems packed in double-cardboard floral boxes lined with cellophane, or cellophane alone, gave a longer vase-life than newspaper, butter paper, or the spent boxes used by growers in the study area”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Cellophane alone gave longer vase life than newspaper, butter paper, or spent boxes.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- cellophane alonee0
- Outcome
- vase-lifee0
- Direction
- longere0
- Comparator
- newspaper, butter paper, or the spent boxese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stems packed in double-cardboard floral boxes lined with cellophane, or cellophane alone, gave a longer vase-life than newspaper, butter paper, or the spent boxes used by growers in the study area”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Cardboard floral boxes maintained rose flower quality better than other tested packaging.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- single or double cardboard floral boxese0
- Outcome
- flower qualitye0
- Direction
- maintainede0
- Comparator
- spent boxes, craft paper, butter paper, or newspapere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Packaging in single or double cardboard floral boxes, with or without a cellophane lining, maintained flower quality, increased flower diameter, and increased ion leakage from petals (possibly due to the longer vase-life) more than spent boxes, craft paper, butter paper, or newspaper”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Cardboard floral boxes increased rose flower diameter more than other tested packaging.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- single or double cardboard floral boxese0
- Outcome
- flower diametere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- spent boxes, craft paper, butter paper, or newspapere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Packaging in single or double cardboard floral boxes, with or without a cellophane lining, maintained flower quality, increased flower diameter, and increased ion leakage from petals (possibly due to the longer vase-life) more than spent boxes, craft paper, butter paper, or newspaper”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Cardboard floral boxes increased rose petal ion leakage more than other tested packaging.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- single or double cardboard floral boxese0
- Outcome
- ion leakage from petalse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- spent boxes, craft paper, butter paper, or newspapere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Packaging in single or double cardboard floral boxes, with or without a cellophane lining, maintained flower quality, increased flower diameter, and increased ion leakage from petals (possibly due to the longer vase-life) more than spent boxes, craft paper, butter paper, or newspaper”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing storage from 2 to 8 days decreased rose vase life from 4.2 to 2.6 days.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- duration of storage from 2 d to 8 de0
- Outcome
- vase-lifee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 2.6 de0
- Qualifier
- 4.2 de0
- Comparator
- 2 de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By increasing the duration of storage from 2 d to 8 d, vase-life and ion leakage decreased from 4.2 d to 2.6 d, and from 102% to 85%, respectively”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing storage from 2 to 8 days decreased rose petal ion leakage from 102% to 85%.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- duration of storage from 2 d to 8 de0
- Outcome
- ion leakagee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 85%e0
- Qualifier
- 102%e0
- Comparator
- 2 de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By increasing the duration of storage from 2 d to 8 d, vase-life and ion leakage decreased from 4.2 d to 2.6 d, and from 102% to 85%, respectively”
e1“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing storage from 2 to 8 days increased subsequent rose flower diameter.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivare2
- Treatment
- duration of storage from 2 d to 8 de1
- Outcome
- flower diametere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.61 cme0
- Qualifier
- 0.16 cme0
- Comparator
- 2 de1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while subsequent flower diameter increased to 0.61 cm from a decrease of 0.16 cm”
e1“By increasing the duration of storage from 2 d to 8 d”
e2“cut Rosa hybrida L. ‘Kardinal’ flowers”
The same questions in other papers
silver atom · growth · Rosa hybrid cultivarPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
salicylic acid · quality: postharvest · Rosa hybrid cultivarPositive and negative results
5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →silver atom · quality: postharvest · Rosa hybrid cultivarResults agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →storage · growth · Rosa hybrid cultivarPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.