Abstract
Root primordia differentiate remote from the existing vascular tissue of split- or incision- wounded winter cuttings. This is preceded by heavy callusing of the wounds and basal cut surface. Most of the callus is cortical in origin but callus is also formed as a result of damage to the cambium. In the incision treatment a new cambium differentiates within the cambial callus from the undamaged cambium on either side so as to form an outward-pointing salient enclosing randomly orientated xylem. Two such salients are formed in the split base treatment since each resultant half behaves like a separate cutting. The salients are subdivided horizontally into finger-like projections due to the disposition of the rays at the edges of the wound. Once a root primordium forms, differentiation of procambium-like tissue between it and one or more projections proceeds rapidly, followed by outgrowth of the root. Roots emerge from the basal callus and in vertical files from the wound callus. The split base treatment increases 16-fold the number of rooted cuttings over controls, while incision wounds increase rooting four-fold; this is associated with the fact that more rhizogenic (salient-forming) sites are formed by splitting the base. The physical and anatomical factors involved in cambial regeneration are discussed.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Root primordia differentiated away from existing vascular tissue in wounded cuttings.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Material
- M.26t0
- Organ / stage
- winter cuttingse0
- Outcome
- Root primordia differentiate remote from the existing vascular tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root primordia differentiate remote from the existing vascular tissue of split- or incision- wounded winter cuttings.”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy wound and basal callusing preceded root primordium differentiation.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- heavy callusing of the wounds and basal cut surfacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This is preceded by heavy callusing of the wounds and basal cut surface.”
e1“Root primordia differentiate remote from the existing vascular tissue”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
Most callus arose from the cortex, with additional callus from cambium damage.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- callus is cortical in origin but callus is also formed as a result of damage to the cambiume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most of the callus is cortical in origin but callus is also formed as a result of damage to the cambium.”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
Incision produced a new cambium enclosing randomly oriented xylem.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- incision treatmente0
- Outcome
- a new cambium differentiates within the cambial calluse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the incision treatment a new cambium differentiates within the cambial callus from the undamaged cambium on either side so as to form an outward-pointing salient enclosing randomly orientated xylem.”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
Splitting the base produced two cambial salients.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- split base treatmente0
- Outcome
- salients are formede0
- Value
- Twoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two such salients are formed in the split base treatment since each resultant half behaves like a separate cutting.”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
Cambial salients were subdivided into finger-like projections by wound-edge rays.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- salients are subdivided horizontally into finger-like projectionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The salients are subdivided horizontally into finger-like projections due to the disposition of the rays at the edges of the wound.”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
Procambium-like tissue differentiated between root primordia and projections before root outgrowth.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- differentiation of procambium-like tissue between it and one or more projections proceeds rapidlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Once a root primordium forms, differentiation of procambium-like tissue between it and one or more projections proceeds rapidly, followed by outgrowth of the root.”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots emerged from basal callus and vertical files in wound callus.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- Roots emerge from the basal callus and in vertical files from the wound calluse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Roots emerge from the basal callus and in vertical files from the wound callus.”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
Split-base treatment increased rooted cutting number 16-fold over controls.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- split base treatmente0
- Outcome
- number of rooted cuttingse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 16-folde0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The split base treatment increases 16-fold the number of rooted cuttings over controls”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
Incision wounds increased rooting four-fold.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- incision woundse0
- Outcome
- rootinge0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- four-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incision wounds increase rooting four-fold”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors associated the greater rooting after splitting with more rhizogenic sites.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- splitting the basee0
- Outcome
- more rhizogenic (salient-forming) sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this is associated with the fact that more rhizogenic (salient-forming) sites are formed by splitting the base.”
t0“Apple Rootstock M.26”
The same questions in other papers
mechanical · growth · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.