Abstract
This study examined the phyto-toxic effects of a commonly named non-selective herbicide glyphosate (Roundup™) on onions (Allium cepa Linn.). The study was necessitated due to the indiscriminate use and release of Roundup™ for weed control in the Niger Delta soils of Nigeria. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) standard protocol # 208 was adopted. The short-term phyto-toxic consequence on onion (A. cepa L.) was determined after a 4-day exposure to varying concentrations of the test chemical at 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/L, respectively. The percentage growth rate decreased as percentage growth rate inhibition efficiency increased, which implies that the effect of the herbicide was concentration dependent. The mean percentage growth rate inhibition efficiency relative to the control was 28, 47, 61, 73 and 96%, respectively. The effective concentration (EC50) for % Inhibition efficiency was 1.550 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval of 1.269 to 1.848 mg/L. The biological alterations on the onions in the test solutions varied in order of increasing concentrations. Some observations made include decolouration of the test solutions and stunted growth especially at the highest concentration of 10 mg/L. Other effects include: bulb deformation, tissue and root damage. There was significant difference between the exposed species and the control at P < 0.05. The use of the herbicide Roundup™ with such hazardous effects can harm plants especially onion which is a very viable food product of man. This could lead to likely distortion on the ecosystem balance of onions (A. cepa) and similar plants and subsequent effect on human, the major end user. Key words: Herbicide, glyphosate (roundup), onion (Allium cepa Linn.), phytotoxicity.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Onion growth rate decreased with increasing glyphosate concentration.
- Taxon
- Allium cepa Linn.
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- glyphosate (Roundup™)e0
- Outcome
- percentage growth ratee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- concentration dependente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phyto-toxic effects of a commonly named non-selective herbicide glyphosate (Roundup™) on onions (Allium cepa Linn.)”
e1“The percentage growth rate decreased as percentage growth rate inhibition efficiency increased, which implies that the effect of the herbicide was concentration dependent”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean growth rate inhibition efficiency relative to the control was 28 to 96% across the tested concentrations.
- Taxon
- Allium cepa Linn.Allium cepae0
- Outcome
- mean percentage growth rate inhibition efficiencye2
- Value
- 28, 47, 61, 73 and 96%e2
- Comparator
- the controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phyto-toxic effects of a commonly named non-selective herbicide glyphosate (Roundup™) on onions (Allium cepa Linn.)”
e2“The mean percentage growth rate inhibition efficiency relative to the control was 28, 47, 61, 73 and 96%”
Claim · model-written summary
The EC50 for growth inhibition of onion by glyphosate was 1.550 mg/L.
- Taxon
- Allium cepa Linn.Allium cepae0
- Outcome
- effective concentration (EC50)e3
- Value
- 1.550 mg/Le3
- Qualifier
- with a 95% confidence interval of 1.269 to 1.848 mg/Le3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phyto-toxic effects of a commonly named non-selective herbicide glyphosate (Roundup™) on onions (Allium cepa Linn.)”
e3“The effective concentration (EC50) for % Inhibition efficiency was 1.550 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval of 1.269 to 1.848 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Stunted growth of onion was observed, especially at the highest concentration of 10 mg/L.
- Taxon
- Allium cepa Linn.Allium cepae0
- Outcome
- stunted growthe4
- Qualifier
- especially at the highest concentration of 10 mg/Le4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phyto-toxic effects of a commonly named non-selective herbicide glyphosate (Roundup™) on onions (Allium cepa Linn.)”
e4“Some observations made include decolouration of the test solutions and stunted growth especially at the highest concentration of 10 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Bulb deformation, tissue damage and root damage were observed in onion.
- Taxon
- Allium cepa Linn.Allium cepae0
- Outcome
- bulb deformation, tissue and root damagee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phyto-toxic effects of a commonly named non-selective herbicide glyphosate (Roundup™) on onions (Allium cepa Linn.)”
e5“Other effects include: bulb deformation, tissue and root damage”
Claim · model-written summary
The exposed onion species differed significantly from the control.
- Taxon
- Allium cepa Linn.Allium cepae0
- Outcome
- significant difference between the exposed speciese6
- Qualifier
- at P < 0.05e6
- Comparator
- the controle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phyto-toxic effects of a commonly named non-selective herbicide glyphosate (Roundup™) on onions (Allium cepa Linn.)”
e6“There was significant difference between the exposed species and the control at P < 0.05”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · growth · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.