Abstract
China first country to produce tea,and its artificial cultivation can traced back to 1000 BC. Tea( Camellia sinensis),one of the main economic crops in China,can be grown in the tropical and subtropical provinces. The fibrous roots are the most active parts of the root system and play important roles in absorbing water and nutrients. Although many factors( e. g.,climatic and topographic conditions,soil properties) significantly influence the growth,turnover and the storage of nutrients in the fibrous roots,very few studies have investigated the effects of nitrogen fertilization. In this study,the dynamic changes to biomass and nutrient storage in the fibrous roots of tea plants were investigated in an experimental plantation that previously received different rates of nitrogen fertilizer [0,285 and 712 kg hm- 2a- 1]for 5 consecutive years to elucidate the effect of N fertilization on growth. The fibrous root samples were collected in the summer and autumn seasons,namely from July 2011 to January 2012,using a soil core. The biomass production of the fibrous roots varied from0. 34 g / dm3 to 0. 72 g / dm3 and the carbon( C),nitrogen( N),phosphorus( P),potassium( K),and magnesium( Mg)storage values were 12. 6—25. 2 mg / dm3,4. 55—11. 2 mg/dm3,0. 47—1. 19 mg/dm3,1. 31—4. 05 mg/dm3,and 0.30—1. 19 mg / dm3,respectively. Biomass and nutrient storage in the fibrous roots showed bimodal monthly variations,being the highest in August,2011 and January,2012,but relatively low in July and November 2011. Fibrous root growth was initially promoted by N fertilization,but was inhibited during later stages,which might be explained by an alternative above-ground growth strategy. Nitrogen fertilization significantly affected the biomass production of fibrous roots,but its effects varied depending on the month. Biomass production showed an increasing trend in the treatment without N application in July,August,and October. However,in September the biomass production was relatively higher in the treatment receiving medium N,and rose with increasing N applications in December. The N application rates did not significantly affect the total C concentration and contents in fibrous roots. The N concentrations in the fibrous roots were considerably higher in July,August,and January but lower in September,October,and November,. The C / N ratio was significantly affected by the level of nitrogen fertilizer. The root C ∶ N ratio was higher in the treatment without N fertilizer than in the other treatments in July,and in the treatments with N fertilizers in September,October,and November,However,it was lowest in the treatments with high N fertilizer applications in December and January. Surprisingly,N storage in the fibrous roots was un-affected by N fertilization rates. Nitrogen fertilization led to decreasing concentrations and storage of P,K,and Mg in fibrous roots,but the the decreasing tendency was alleviated by a moderate application of N. In conclusion,N fertilization has significant,but temporally variable effects,on the biomass and nutrient storage in the fibrous roots of C. sinensis.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Fibrous-root biomass of tea plants varied from 0.34 to 0.72 g/dm3 over July 2011 to January 2012.
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e1“The biomass production of the fibrous roots varied from0. 34 g / dm3 to 0. 72 g / dm3 and the carbon( C),nitrogen( N),phosphorus( P),potassium( K),and magnesium( Mg)storage values were 12. 6—25. 2 mg / dm3,4. 55—11. 2 mg/dm3,0. 47—1. 19 mg/dm3,1. 31—4. 05 mg/dm3,and 0.30—1. 19 mg / dm3,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fibrous-root carbon storage of tea plants ranged from 12.6 to 25.2 mg/dm3.
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e1“The biomass production of the fibrous roots varied from0. 34 g / dm3 to 0. 72 g / dm3 and the carbon( C),nitrogen( N),phosphorus( P),potassium( K),and magnesium( Mg)storage values were 12. 6—25. 2 mg / dm3,4. 55—11. 2 mg/dm3,0. 47—1. 19 mg/dm3,1. 31—4. 05 mg/dm3,and 0.30—1. 19 mg / dm3,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fibrous-root nitrogen storage of tea plants ranged from 4.55 to 11.2 mg/dm3.
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e1“The biomass production of the fibrous roots varied from0. 34 g / dm3 to 0. 72 g / dm3 and the carbon( C),nitrogen( N),phosphorus( P),potassium( K),and magnesium( Mg)storage values were 12. 6—25. 2 mg / dm3,4. 55—11. 2 mg/dm3,0. 47—1. 19 mg/dm3,1. 31—4. 05 mg/dm3,and 0.30—1. 19 mg / dm3,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fibrous-root phosphorus storage of tea plants ranged from 0.47 to 1.19 mg/dm3.
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e1“The biomass production of the fibrous roots varied from0. 34 g / dm3 to 0. 72 g / dm3 and the carbon( C),nitrogen( N),phosphorus( P),potassium( K),and magnesium( Mg)storage values were 12. 6—25. 2 mg / dm3,4. 55—11. 2 mg/dm3,0. 47—1. 19 mg/dm3,1. 31—4. 05 mg/dm3,and 0.30—1. 19 mg / dm3,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fibrous-root potassium storage of tea plants ranged from 1.31 to 4.05 mg/dm3.
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e1“The biomass production of the fibrous roots varied from0. 34 g / dm3 to 0. 72 g / dm3 and the carbon( C),nitrogen( N),phosphorus( P),potassium( K),and magnesium( Mg)storage values were 12. 6—25. 2 mg / dm3,4. 55—11. 2 mg/dm3,0. 47—1. 19 mg/dm3,1. 31—4. 05 mg/dm3,and 0.30—1. 19 mg / dm3,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fibrous-root magnesium storage of tea plants ranged from 0.30 to 1.19 mg/dm3.
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e1“The biomass production of the fibrous roots varied from0. 34 g / dm3 to 0. 72 g / dm3 and the carbon( C),nitrogen( N),phosphorus( P),potassium( K),and magnesium( Mg)storage values were 12. 6—25. 2 mg / dm3,4. 55—11. 2 mg/dm3,0. 47—1. 19 mg/dm3,1. 31—4. 05 mg/dm3,and 0.30—1. 19 mg / dm3,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fibrous-root biomass and nutrient storage of tea plants showed bimodal monthly variation, highest in August 2011 and January 2012.
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e2“Biomass and nutrient storage in the fibrous roots showed bimodal monthly variations,being the highest in August,2011 and January,2012,but relatively low in July and November 2011”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization initially promoted fibrous-root growth of tea plants.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- Fibrous root growthe3
- Direction
- promotede3
- Qualifier
- initiallye3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e3“Fibrous root growth was initially promoted by N fertilization,but was inhibited during later stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization inhibited fibrous-root growth of tea plants during later stages.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- Fibrous root growthe3
- Direction
- inhibitede3
- Qualifier
- during later stagese3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e3“Fibrous root growth was initially promoted by N fertilization,but was inhibited during later stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization significantly affected fibrous-root biomass production of tea plants, with effects varying by month.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione4
- Outcome
- biomass production of fibrous rootse4
- Qualifier
- varied depending on the monthe4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e4“Nitrogen fertilization significantly affected the biomass production of fibrous roots,but its effects varied depending on the month”
Claim · model-written summary
N application rates did not significantly affect total carbon concentration and content in fibrous roots of tea plants.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Organ / stage
- fibrous rootse5
- Treatment
- N application ratese5
- Outcome
- total C concentration and contentse5
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e5“The N application rates did not significantly affect the total C concentration and contents in fibrous roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fibrous-root N concentration of tea plants was higher in July, August and January than in other months.
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e6“The N concentrations in the fibrous roots were considerably higher in July,August,and January but lower in September,October,and November”
Claim · model-written summary
Fibrous-root N concentration of tea plants was lower in September, October and November.
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e6“The N concentrations in the fibrous roots were considerably higher in July,August,and January but lower in September,October,and November”
Claim · model-written summary
The C/N ratio of fibrous roots was significantly affected by nitrogen fertilizer level.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e7“The C / N ratio was significantly affected by the level of nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
N fertilization rates did not affect N storage in fibrous roots of tea plants.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Organ / stage
- fibrous rootse5
- Treatment
- N fertilization ratese5
- Outcome
- N storagee5
- Direction
- un-affectede5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e5“Surprisingly,N storage in the fibrous roots was un-affected by N fertilization rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization decreased concentrations and storage of P, K and Mg in fibrous roots of tea plants.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Organ / stage
- fibrous rootse1
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- concentrations and storage of P,K,and Mge1
- Direction
- decreasinge1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e1“Nitrogen fertilization led to decreasing concentrations and storage of P,K,and Mg in fibrous roots,but the the decreasing tendency was alleviated by a moderate application of N”
Claim · model-written summary
A moderate N application alleviated the decreasing tendency of P, K and Mg in fibrous roots of tea plants.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Treatment
- moderate application of Ne1
- Outcome
- decreasing tendencye1
- Direction
- alleviatede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“tea plants( Camellia sinensis)”
e1“Nitrogen fertilization led to decreasing concentrations and storage of P,K,and Mg in fibrous roots,but the the decreasing tendency was alleviated by a moderate application of N”
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