Paper · 2002 · Journal of Yandzhou University

EFFECT OF NITROGEN MANAGEMENT ON RICE YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITY

Liu Li

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
6
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Rice yield and grain quality of Shanyou 63 and Zhendao 88 were investigated by applying nitrogen at different growth stages with fertilizing 300 kg pure nitrogen per hectare during whole growth duration. The results showed that the nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4 could not only enhance productive stems, increase photosynthetic rate and nitrogen content of leaves at heading stage, promote matter production from heading to maturity, and increase yield and nitrogen utilized efficiency, but also improve rice milling quality, reduce chalky percentage and increase crude protein content in grains.

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Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 4∶2∶4 nitrogen schedule enhanced productive stems.

Treatment
nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4e0
Outcome
productive stemse0
Direction
enhancee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4 could not only enhance productive stems”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 228–386 · show in text ↑
t0

“RICE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 4∶2∶4 nitrogen schedule increased leaf photosynthetic rate and nitrogen content at heading.

Organ / stage
leaves at heading stagee0
Treatment
nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4e0
Outcome
photosynthetic rate and nitrogen content of leavese0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4 could not only enhance productive stems, increase photosynthetic rate and nitrogen content of leaves at heading stage”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 228–464 · show in text ↑
t0

“RICE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 4∶2∶4 nitrogen schedule promoted matter production from heading to maturity.

Treatment
nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4e0
Outcome
matter productione0
Direction
promotee0
Qualifier
from heading to maturitye0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4 could not only enhance productive stems, increase photosynthetic rate and nitrogen content of leaves at heading stage, promote matter production from heading to maturity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 228–516 · show in text ↑
t0

“RICE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 4∶2∶4 nitrogen schedule increased rice yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency.

Treatment
nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4e0
Outcome
yield and nitrogen utilized efficiencye0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4 could not only enhance productive stems, increase photosynthetic rate and nitrogen content of leaves at heading stage, promote matter production from heading to maturity, and increase yield and nitrogen utilized efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 228–569 · show in text ↑
t0

“RICE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 4∶2∶4 nitrogen schedule improved rice milling quality.

Treatment
nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4e0
Outcome
rice milling qualitye0
Direction
improvee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the nitrogen application with the ratio of basal fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶spikelets protecting fertilizer of 4∶2∶4 could not only enhance productive stems, increase photosynthetic rate and nitrogen content of leaves at heading stage, promote matter production from heading to maturity, and increase yield and nitrogen utilized efficiency, but also improve rice milling quality”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 228–608 · show in text ↑
t0

“RICE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 4∶2∶4 nitrogen schedule reduced grain chalkiness.

Outcome
chalky percentagee0
Direction
reducee0

Not reportedTreatmentComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“reduce chalky percentage”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 610–634 · show in text ↑
t0

“RICE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 4∶2∶4 nitrogen schedule increased crude protein content in grains.

Outcome
crude protein content in grainse0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedTreatmentComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“increase crude protein content in grains.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 639–680 · show in text ↑
t0

“RICE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–37 · show in text ↑

nitrogen · quality: grain · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

102 papers: 81 positive, 21 negative or no effect

80 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

98 papers more in this group

See all 102 papers →

tillage · physiology: photosynthesis · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

12 papers: 9 positive, 3 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

tillage · quality: grain · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

17 papers: 13 positive, 4 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

13 papers more in this group

See all 17 papers →

fertilization · physiology: photosynthesis · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

83 papers: 78 positive, 5 negative or no effect

77 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

79 papers more in this group

See all 83 papers →

nitrogen · physiology: photosynthesis · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

97 papers: 81 positive, 16 negative or no effect

80 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

93 papers more in this group

See all 97 papers →

fertilization · quality: grain · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

148 papers: 129 positive, 19 negative or no effect

128 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

144 papers more in this group

See all 148 papers →

tillage · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

729 papers: 587 positive, 142 negative or no effect

586 papers in the same direction as this paper · 115 in the opposite direction · 27 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

725 papers more in this group

See all 729 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

2,045 papers: 1,803 positive, 242 negative or no effect

1,802 papers in the same direction as this paper · 193 in the opposite direction · 49 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

2,041 papers more in this group

See all 2,045 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.