Abstract
A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). The addition of 0.5% to 2.0% FD had no significant effect on AMF infection rate,but could promote growth of alfalfa (p0.05). PAH residues in the 1.0% and 2.0% FD treatments were lower than those in the control treatment. The addition of 0.05% and 0.1% PP enhanced AMF infection rate and plant biomass significantly (p0.05),while a negative effect was observed for the 0.2% treatment (p0.05). Significant degradation of PAH residues was observed only from the treatment with 0.05% PP (p0.05),and the degradation rates of PAHs with three,four or five-ring were higher than those of the control (p0.05). A linear regression relation was observed between PAH degradation rate in soil and the AMF infection rate in plant roots (R2=0.247,F=6.217,p0.05). These results indicated that the appropriate amount(0.5%~2%) of FD addition could increase nutrition to promote plant growth,but had little effect on the degradation of PAHs. However,small amounts(0.05%~0.1%) of PP accelerated AMF infection to improve plant growth and the degradation of PAHs,suggesting that it could be used as a stimulant in mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Fermented cow dung at 0.5% to 2.0% did not significantly change AMF infection rate.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae1 - Treatment
- 0.5% to 2.0% FDe0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF infection ratee0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of 0.5% to 2.0% FD had no significant effect on AMF infection rate”
t0“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
t1“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
e1“A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Fermented cow dung promoted alfalfa growth.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- FDe1
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“could promote growth of alfalfa (p0.05).”
t0“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
t1“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
e1“A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).”
Claim · model-written summary
PAH residues were lower after 1.0% and 2.0% fermented cow dung than in controls.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- 1.0% and 2.0% FD treatmentse0
- Outcome
- PAH residuese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAH residues in the 1.0% and 2.0% FD treatments were lower than those in the control treatment.”
t0“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
t1“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
e1“A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Papermaking sludge at 0.05% and 0.1% increased AMF infection rate and plant biomass.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- 0.05% and 0.1% PPe0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF infection rate and plant biomasse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of 0.05% and 0.1% PP enhanced AMF infection rate and plant biomass significantly (p0.05)”
t0“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
t1“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
e1“A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).”
Claim · model-written summary
The 0.2% sludge treatment had a negative effect.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- 0.2% treatmente0
- Outcome
- negative effecte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a negative effect was observed for the 0.2% treatment (p0.05).”
t0“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
t1“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
e1“A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Only 0.05% sludge significantly degraded PAH residues.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- 0.05% PPe0
- Outcome
- PAH residuese0
- Direction
- degradatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant degradation of PAH residues was observed only from the treatment with 0.05% PP (p0.05)”
t0“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
t1“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
e1“A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Three-, four- and five-ring PAH degradation rates exceeded controls.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- PPe1
- Outcome
- degradation rates of PAHs with three,four or five-ringe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the degradation rates of PAHs with three,four or five-ring were higher than those of the control (p0.05).”
t0“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
t1“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
e1“A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil PAH degradation rate was linearly related to AMF infection rate in roots.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- PAH degradation rate in soile0
- Value
- R2=0.247e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A linear regression relation was observed between PAH degradation rate in soil and the AMF infection rate in plant roots (R2=0.247,F=6.217,p0.05).”
t0“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
t1“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
e1“A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest small amounts of sludge as a stimulant in mycorrhizoremediation.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- small amounts(0.05%~0.1%) of PPe0
- Outcome
- used as a stimulant in mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“small amounts(0.05%~0.1%) of PP accelerated AMF infection to improve plant growth and the degradation of PAHs,suggesting that it could be used as a stimulant in mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.”
t0“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
t1“Effects of fermented cow dung and dry powdered sludge from papermaking waste on mycorrhizoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils”
e1“A greenhouse pot-experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fermented cow dung (FD) and dry powdered sludge of papermaking waste (PP) on phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated farmland soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).”
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See all 24 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.