Abstract
In this work, the time-dependent effect of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) applied before cold stress was investigated on the regulation of antioxidative respond mechanisms in two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars (Akhisar and Tokak) differed in cold tolerance. SA (0.1 mM) was applied to 7-days old barley seedlings growing under control conditions (20/18°C). After this application, the seedlings were transferred to cold conditions (7/5°C) at different times (7, 14, 21 and 28 days) for 3 days. Then, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) were determined in the leaves (control, cold and SA + cold) from the seedlings harvested at 10, 17, 24 and 31 days. Moreover, the effect of cold stress was evaluated on the endogenous SA level at the both cultivars by comparing to control plants. The MDA content increased in the cold treatment while it decreased in the SA treatment at all the days studied at the both cultivars. The SA + cold treatment could have a variable effect on H2O2 content at the tolerant barley (Tokak) while decreased its content at the sensitive cultivar (Akhisar). The SA + cold treatment could increase the activities of POX and SOD at both cultivars, but it increased the CAT activity at the tolerant cultivar while decreased at the sensitive cultivar. In addition, the content of endogenous SA was decreased by cold stress at all the days studied at the barley cultivars as compared to control plants. The results show that the SA treatment could be effective on the regulation of the parameters studied at cold conditions until 31 days after SA application, and the importance of exogenous SA treatment before cold stress. It was concluded that exogenous and endogenous SA could play an ameliorating role on cold tolerance by regulating reactive oxygen species and the activities of antioxidative enzymes in both cold-sensitive and cold-tolerant cultivars of barley.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Cold increased MDA in both barley cultivars.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- cold treatmente0
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The MDA content increased in the cold treatment”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
SA decreased MDA in both barley cultivars at all studied days.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- SA treatmente0
- Outcome
- ite0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- at all the days studied at the both cultivarse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased in the SA treatment at all the days studied at the both cultivars”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
SA plus cold variably affected H2O2 in tolerant Tokak.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Tokake0
- Treatment
- SA + cold treatmente0
- Outcome
- H2O2 contente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The SA + cold treatment could have a variable effect on H2O2 content at the tolerant barley (Tokak)”
Claim · model-written summary
SA plus cold decreased H2O2 in sensitive Akhisar.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Akhisare0
- Treatment
- SA + colde1
- Outcome
- contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased its content at the sensitive cultivar (Akhisar)”
t0“barley”
e1“The SA + cold treatment could have a variable effect on H2O2 content at the tolerant barley (Tokak)”
Claim · model-written summary
SA plus cold increased POX and SOD activity in both barley cultivars.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- SA + cold treatmente0
- Outcome
- activities of POX and SODe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The SA + cold treatment could increase the activities of POX and SOD at both cultivars”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
SA plus cold increased CAT activity in tolerant Tokak.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Tokake1
- Treatment
- SA + colde1
- Outcome
- CAT activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the CAT activity at the tolerant cultivar”
t0“barley”
e1“The SA + cold treatment could have a variable effect on H2O2 content at the tolerant barley (Tokak)”
Claim · model-written summary
SA plus cold decreased CAT activity in sensitive Akhisar.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Akhisare1
- Treatment
- SA + colde2
- Outcome
- CAT activitye3
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased at the sensitive cultivar”
t0“barley”
e1“decreased its content at the sensitive cultivar (Akhisar)”
e2“The SA + cold treatment could have a variable effect on H2O2 content at the tolerant barley (Tokak)”
e3“it increased the CAT activity at the tolerant cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold decreased endogenous SA in barley cultivars at all studied days.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- cold stresse0
- Outcome
- content of endogenous SAe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- at all the days studiede0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the content of endogenous SA was decreased by cold stress at all the days studied at the barley cultivars as compared to control plants”
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