Abstract
Metacaspase orthologs are conserved in fungi, protozoa and plants, however, their roles in plant disease resistance are largely unknown. In this study, we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D. The TaMCA1 protein contained typical structural features of type I metacaspases domains, including an N-terminal pro-domain. Transient expression analyses indicated that TaMCA1 was localized in cytosol and mitochondria. TaMCA1 exhibited no caspase-1 activity in vitro, but was able to inhibit cell death in tobacco and wheat leaves induced by the mouse Bax gene. In addition, the expression level of TaMCA1 was up-regulated following challenge with the Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). Knockdown of TaMCA1 via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) enhanced plant disease resistance to Pst, and the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Further study showed that TaMCA1 decreased yeast cell resistance similar to the function of yeast metacaspase, and there was no interaction between TaMCA1 and TaLSD1. Based on these combined results, we speculate that TaMCA1, a regulator of cell death, is important during the compatible interaction of wheat and Pst.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 has three chromosome copies.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivume0 - Gene
- TaMCA1e0
- Outcome
- three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1De0
- Value
- three copiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 protein has typical type I metacaspase domains including an N-terminal pro-domain.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaMCA1e0
- Outcome
- typical structural features of type I metacaspases domains, including an N-terminal pro-domaine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The TaMCA1 protein contained typical structural features of type I metacaspases domains, including an N-terminal pro-domain”
t0“wheat”
e1“we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 localized in cytosol and mitochondria.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaMCA1e0
- Outcome
- localized in cytosol and mitochondriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaMCA1 was localized in cytosol and mitochondria”
t0“wheat”
e1“we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 lacked caspase-1 activity in vitro.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaMCA1e0
- Outcome
- caspase-1 activitye0
- Direction
- noe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaMCA1 exhibited no caspase-1 activity in vitro”
t0“wheat”
e1“we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 inhibited Bax-induced cell death in tobacco leaves.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- mouse Bax genee0
- Gene
- TaMCA1e0
- Outcome
- cell deathe0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaMCA1 exhibited no caspase-1 activity in vitro, but was able to inhibit cell death in tobacco and wheat leaves induced by the mouse Bax gene”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 inhibited Bax-induced cell death in wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- mouse Bax genee0
- Gene
- TaMCA1e1
- Outcome
- cell deathe0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was able to inhibit cell death in tobacco and wheat leaves induced by the mouse Bax gene”
t0“wheat”
e1“we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 expression rose after challenge with Pst.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- challenge with the Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst)e0
- Interactor
- Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici
Puccinia striiformis f. sp. triticie0pathogen - Gene
- TaMCA1e0
- Outcome
- expression level of TaMCA1e0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression level of TaMCA1 was up-regulated following challenge with the Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst)”
t0“wheat”
e1“we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 silencing increased wheat resistance to Pst.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Knockdown of TaMCA1 via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)e0
- Interactor
- Pste0pathogen
- Gene
- TaMCA1e0
- Outcome
- plant disease resistance to Pste0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Knockdown of TaMCA1 via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) enhanced plant disease resistance to Pst”
t0“wheat”
e1“we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 silencing increased hydrogen peroxide accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Knockdown of TaMCA1 via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)e0
- Interactor
- Pste0pathogen
- Gene
- TaMCA1e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)e0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Knockdown of TaMCA1 via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) enhanced plant disease resistance to Pst, and the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)”
t0“wheat”
e1“we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 reduced resistance in yeast cells.
Verbatim
e0“TaMCA1 decreased yeast cell resistance similar to the function of yeast metacaspase”
Claim · model-written summary
TaMCA1 did not interact with TaLSD1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaMCA1e0
- Outcome
- no interaction between TaMCA1 and TaLSD1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no interaction between TaMCA1 and TaLSD1”
t0“wheat”
e1“we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D”
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