Abstract
Cytochemical changes during the early development of maize caryopsis are reported. Changes in the localization of different reserve substances (e.g. polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids) and enzymes (acid phosphatase, esterase, lipase, phosphorylase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and peroxidase) have been studied in unfertilized and fertilized ovules. Before pollination very feeble enzyme activity (acid phosphatase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and peroxidase) was observed. Reserve substances were present in low amounts before pollination. Pollination stimulated the accumulation of several substances and enzymes in the tip of the nucellus, micropylar zone. Just prior to, during and after fertilization, the cells in the micropylar zone had strong reaction for several enzymes indicating temporary enhancement of metabolic activity in the micropylar zone. The role of antipodals in the storage of reserve food products and nutrition of embryo and early stages of endosperm development is discussed. The pattern of enzymatic changes within the embryo sac reflected the biochemical changes operative during quiescent and active stages. The nucellus of Zea mays contains many enzymes required for hydrolysis of reserved food substances. A role of acid phosphatase in autolysis of nucellar cells, after fertilization is suggested. Post-fertilization increase in the activity of enzymes and accumulation of reserve materials is interpreted as reflecting a presumed increase in the metabolic rate relative to growth and differentiation.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Before pollination, four enzymes had very weak activity.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Before pollination very feeble enzyme activity (acid phosphatase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and peroxidase) was observed”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Reserve substances were at low amounts before pollination.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reserve substances were present in low amounts before pollination”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollination stimulated substance accumulation in the nucellus tip and micropylar zone.
- Organ / stage
- tip of the nucellus, micropylar zonee0
- Treatment
- Pollinatione0
- Outcome
- accumulation of several substancese0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pollination stimulated the accumulation of several substances and enzymes in the tip of the nucellus, micropylar zone”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollination stimulated enzyme accumulation in the nucellus tip and micropylar zone.
- Organ / stage
- tip of the nucellus, micropylar zonee0
- Treatment
- Pollinatione0
- Outcome
- enzymese0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pollination stimulated the accumulation of several substances and enzymes in the tip of the nucellus, micropylar zone”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Micropylar zone cells reacted strongly for several enzymes near fertilization.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Just prior to, during and after fertilization, the cells in the micropylar zone had strong reaction for several enzymes”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzymatic patterns in the embryo sac reflected biochemical differences between quiescent and active stages.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pattern of enzymatic changes within the embryo sac reflected the biochemical changes operative during quiescent and active stages”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize nucellus contains enzymes for hydrolysis of reserved food substances.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nucellus of Zea mays contains many enzymes required for hydrolysis of reserved food substances”
Claim · model-written summary
Acid phosphatase may contribute to nucellar cell autolysis after fertilization.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A role of acid phosphatase in autolysis of nucellar cells, after fertilization is suggested”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Postfertilization enzyme activity rose.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Post-fertilization increase in the activity of enzymes and accumulation of reserve materials”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Postfertilization reserve materials accumulated.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Post-fertilization increase in the activity of enzymes and accumulation of reserve materials”
t0“Zea mays”
The same questions in other papers
pollination · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.