Abstract
A 2-year study was done in Oregon to determine the effects of irrigation method and level of water application on the development of root rot in northern highbush blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum L. ‘Duke’). Plants were grown on mulched, raised beds and irrigated by overhead sprinklers, microsprays, or drip at 50%, 100%, and 150% of the estimated crop evapotranspiration requirement. Soil at the site was a silty clay loam. By the end of the first season, plants were largest with drip, intermediate-sized with microsprays and smallest with sprinklers; however, this was not the case the next season. By the end of year 2, plants irrigated by drip had less canopy cover, fewer new canes, lower pruning weights, and only half the shoot and root dry weight as plants irrigated by sprinklers or microsprays. Destructive sampling revealed that the field was infested by root rot. Less growth with drip was association with higher levels of infection by the root pathogen, Phytophthora cinnamomi . Phytophthora infection increased with water application, regardless of irrigation method, but averaged 14% with drip and only 7% with sprinklers and microsprays. Roots were also infected by Pythium spp. Pythium infection likewise increased with the total amount of water applied but, unlike P. cinnamomi , was similar among irrigation methods. Overall, drip irrigation maintained higher soil water content near the base of the plants than sprinklers and microsprays, resulting in conditions more favorable to root rot. Sprinklers and microsprays may be better alternatives than drip at sites prone to problems with the disease.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
By the first season end, blueberry plants were largest with drip, intermediate with microsprays, and smallest with sprinklers.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberry
Vaccinium corymbosume1 - Treatment
- dripe0
- Outcome
- plants were largeste0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Qualifier
- first seasone0
- Comparator
- sprinklerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By the end of the first season, plants were largest with drip, intermediate-sized with microsprays and smallest with sprinklers”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The first-season size ranking did not persist in the second season.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Outcome
- not the case the next seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“however, this was not the case the next season”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
By year two, drip-irrigated plants had less canopy cover and fewer new canes than sprinkler or microspray plants.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Treatment
- dripe0
- Outcome
- canopy cover, fewer new canese0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- sprinklers or microsprayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants irrigated by drip had less canopy cover, fewer new canes, lower pruning weights, and only half the shoot and root dry weight as plants irrigated by sprinklers or microsprays”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-irrigated plants had lower pruning weights than sprinkler or microspray plants.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Treatment
- dripe0
- Outcome
- pruning weightse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- sprinklers or microsprayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants irrigated by drip had less canopy cover, fewer new canes, lower pruning weights, and only half the shoot and root dry weight as plants irrigated by sprinklers or microsprays”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-irrigated plants had half the shoot and root dry weight of sprinkler or microspray plants.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Treatment
- dripe2
- Outcome
- shoot and root dry weighte0
- Direction
- halfe0
- Value
- halfe0
- Comparator
- sprinklers or microsprayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only half the shoot and root dry weight as plants irrigated by sprinklers or microsprays”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
e2“plants irrigated by drip”
Claim · model-written summary
The field was infested by root rot.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Outcome
- infested by root rote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Destructive sampling revealed that the field was infested by root rot”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower drip-associated growth was associated with higher Phytophthora cinnamomi infection.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Treatment
- dripe0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora cinnamomi
Phytophthora cinnamomie0pathogen - Outcome
- levels of infectione0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Less growth with drip was association with higher levels of infection by the root pathogen, Phytophthora cinnamomi”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytophthora infection increased with water application regardless of irrigation method.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Treatment
- water applicatione0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora
Phytophthorae0pathogen - Outcome
- Phytophthora infectione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytophthora infection increased with water application, regardless of irrigation method”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytophthora infection averaged 14% under drip irrigation.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume2
- Treatment
- dripe0
- Interactor
- PhytophthoraPhytophthorae1pathogen
- Outcome
- Phytophthora infectione1
- Value
- 14%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“averaged 14% with drip and only 7% with sprinklers and microsprays”
e1“Phytophthora infection”
e2“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytophthora infection averaged 7% under sprinklers and microsprays.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume2
- Treatment
- sprinklers and microsprayse0
- Interactor
- PhytophthoraPhytophthorae1pathogen
- Outcome
- Phytophthora infectione1
- Value
- 7%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“averaged 14% with drip and only 7% with sprinklers and microsprays”
e1“Phytophthora infection”
e2“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Blueberry roots were infected by Pythium species.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Outcome
- Roots were also infectede0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PythiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Roots were also infected by Pythium spp.”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Pythium infection increased with total water applied.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Treatment
- total amount of water appliede0
- Outcome
- Pythium infectione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pythium infection likewise increased with the total amount of water applied”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Pythium infection was similar across irrigation methods.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Treatment
- irrigation methodse0
- Outcome
- Pythium infectione0
- Direction
- similare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pythium infection likewise increased with the total amount of water applied but, unlike P. cinnamomi , was similar among irrigation methods”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation maintained higher soil water content near plant bases than sprinklers and microsprays.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Treatment
- drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- soil water content near the base of the plantse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- sprinklers and microsprayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drip irrigation maintained higher soil water content near the base of the plants than sprinklers and microsprays”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher soil water under drip was interpreted as favoring root rot.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume2
- Outcome
- root rote0
- Qualifier
- higher soil water contente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in conditions more favorable to root rot”
e1“drip irrigation maintained higher soil water content”
e2“northern highbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Sprinklers and microsprays may be better than drip at sites prone to root rot.
- Taxon
- northern highbush blueberryVaccinium corymbosume1
- Outcome
- Sprinklers and microsprays may be better alternatives than dripe0
- Qualifier
- sites prone to problems with the diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sprinklers and microsprays may be better alternatives than drip at sites prone to problems with the disease”
e1“northern highbush blueberry”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · soil: physics · Vaccinium corymbosum (highbush blueberry)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
irrigation · growth · Vaccinium corymbosum (highbush blueberry)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.