Abstract
Food crop seedlings often have susceptibility to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the impact of Cu-chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) on physiological and biochemical changes during maize seedling growth. Higher values of percent germination, shoot and root length, root number, seedling length, fresh and dry weight, and seed vigor index were obtained at 0.04-0.12% concentrations of Cu-chitosan NPs as compared to water, CuSO4, and bulk chitosan treatments. Cu-chitosan NPs at the same concentrations induced the activities of α-amylase and protease enzymes and also increased the total protein content in germinating seeds. The increased activities of α-amylase and protease enzymes corroborated with decreased content of starch and protein, respectively, in the germinating seeds. Cu-chitosan NPs at 0.16% and CuSO4 at 0.01% concentrations showed inhibitory effect on seedling growth. The observed results on seedling growth could be explained by the toxicity of excess Cu and growth promotory effect of Cu-chitosan NPs. Physiological and biochemical studies suggest that Cu-chitosan NPs enhance the seedling growth of maize by mobilizing the reserved food, primarily starch, through the higher activity of α-amylase.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
At 0.04-0.12%, Cu-chitosan nanoparticles increased germination and seed vigor relative to water, CuSO4 and bulk chitosan.
- Organ / stage
- seedlinge0
- Treatment
- 0.04-0.12% concentrations of Cu-chitosan NPse0
- Outcome
- percent germinatione0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Comparator
- water, CuSO4, and bulk chitosan treatmentse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher values of percent germination, shoot and root length, root number, seedling length, fresh and dry weight, and seed vigor index were obtained at 0.04-0.12% concentrations of Cu-chitosan NPs as compared to water, CuSO4, and bulk chitosan treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0.04-0.12%, Cu-chitosan nanoparticles increased shoot and root length, root number and seedling length relative to comparator treatments.
- Treatment
- 0.04-0.12% concentrations of Cu-chitosan NPse0
- Outcome
- shoot and root length, root number, seedling lengthe0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Comparator
- water, CuSO4, and bulk chitosan treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher values of percent germination, shoot and root length, root number, seedling length, fresh and dry weight, and seed vigor index were obtained at 0.04-0.12% concentrations of Cu-chitosan NPs as compared to water, CuSO4, and bulk chitosan treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0.04-0.12%, Cu-chitosan nanoparticles increased fresh and dry weight relative to comparator treatments.
- Treatment
- 0.04-0.12% concentrations of Cu-chitosan NPse0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weighte0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Comparator
- water, CuSO4, and bulk chitosan treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher values of percent germination, shoot and root length, root number, seedling length, fresh and dry weight, and seed vigor index were obtained at 0.04-0.12% concentrations of Cu-chitosan NPs as compared to water, CuSO4, and bulk chitosan treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu-chitosan nanoparticles induced α-amylase and protease activities in germinating maize seeds.
- Organ / stage
- germinating seedse1
- Treatment
- Cu-chitosan NPse0
- Outcome
- activities of α-amylase and protease enzymese0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu-chitosan NPs at the same concentrations induced the activities of α-amylase and protease enzymes”
t0“Maize”
e1“in germinating seeds. The increased activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu-chitosan nanoparticles increased total protein content in germinating maize seeds.
- Organ / stage
- germinating seedse0
- Treatment
- Cu-chitosan NPse1
- Outcome
- total protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the total protein content in germinating seeds”
t0“Maize”
e1“Cu-chitosan NPs at the same concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher enzyme activities coincided with decreased starch and protein content in germinating seeds.
- Organ / stage
- germinating seedse0
- Gene
- α-amylase and protease enzymese0
- Outcome
- content of starch and proteine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased activities of α-amylase and protease enzymes corroborated with decreased content of starch and protein, respectively, in the germinating seeds”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu-chitosan nanoparticles at 0.16% inhibited seedling growth.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu-chitosan NPs at 0.16% and CuSO4 at 0.01% concentrations showed inhibitory effect on seedling growth”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
CuSO4 at 0.01% inhibited seedling growth.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu-chitosan NPs at 0.16% and CuSO4 at 0.01% concentrations showed inhibitory effect on seedling growth”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute maize seedling growth promotion to reserve starch mobilization through greater α-amylase activity.
- Treatment
- Cu-chitosan NPse0
- Gene
- α-amylasee0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Qualifier
- mobilizing the reserved food, primarily starche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu-chitosan NPs enhance the seedling growth of maize by mobilizing the reserved food, primarily starch, through the higher activity of α-amylase”
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.