Abstract
Glauconite is a potassium (K) bearing mineral, which generally contains 6–10% K2O and mostly available in various natural deposits in India. Glauconite mineral was converted to nano-particle form by grinding in a high-energy ball mill. The release of K from glauconite nano-particle in soil was studied in a pot culture experiment. Five different treatments viz., 0 mg K2O kg−1, 100 mg K2O kg−1, 150 mg K2O kg−1, 200 mg K2O kg−1 used glauconite nano-particle (GNP) as a K source and 100 mg K2O kg−1 from muriate of potash (MOP), were applied in soil to grow maize (Zea mays L.) plant. The highest K+ concentration was observed in shoot at the application of 200 mg K2O kg−1 through GNP and recorded 2 times more K+ concentration in shoots as compared to 0 mg K2O kg−1 treatment whereas 1.1 times more than the MOP treated soil at 5th harvesting stage. Selected plant physiological parameters namely electrical conductivity of plant cell, height, leaf area and nitrate reductase activity were also recorded maximum at 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soil. Overall, glauconite nano-particle could supply K throughout the growth period and enhanced biomass yield of maize plant without showing any K deficiency symptom.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP dose gave the highest shoot K+ concentration.
- Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Treatment
- 200 mg K2O kg−1 through GNPe0
- Outcome
- K+ concentratione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest K+ concentration was observed in shoot at the application of 200 mg K2O kg−1 through GNP and recorded 2 times more K+ concentration in shoots as compared to 0 mg K2O kg−1 treatment whereas 1.1 times more than the MOP treated soil at 5th harvesting stage.”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot K+ concentration was twice that of the zero-K treatment.
- Treatment
- 200 mg K2O kg−1 through GNPe0
- Outcome
- K+ concentration in shootse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 2 timese0
- Comparator
- 0 mg K2O kg−1 treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest K+ concentration was observed in shoot at the application of 200 mg K2O kg−1 through GNP and recorded 2 times more K+ concentration in shoots as compared to 0 mg K2O kg−1 treatment whereas 1.1 times more than the MOP treated soil at 5th harvesting stage.”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot K+ concentration was 1.1 times that of MOP treated soil at the fifth harvest.
- Organ / stage
- 5th harvesting stagee0
- Treatment
- 200 mg K2O kg−1 through GNPe0
- Outcome
- K+ concentration in shootse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 1.1 timese0
- Comparator
- MOP treated soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest K+ concentration was observed in shoot at the application of 200 mg K2O kg−1 through GNP and recorded 2 times more K+ concentration in shoots as compared to 0 mg K2O kg−1 treatment whereas 1.1 times more than the MOP treated soil at 5th harvesting stage.”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize electrical conductivity of plant cell was maximal with 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soil.
- Treatment
- 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soile0
- Outcome
- electrical conductivity of plant celle0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selected plant physiological parameters namely electrical conductivity of plant cell, height, leaf area and nitrate reductase activity were also recorded maximum at 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soil.”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize height was maximal with 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soil.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selected plant physiological parameters namely electrical conductivity of plant cell, height, leaf area and nitrate reductase activity were also recorded maximum at 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soil.”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize leaf area was maximal with 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soil.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selected plant physiological parameters namely electrical conductivity of plant cell, height, leaf area and nitrate reductase activity were also recorded maximum at 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soil.”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize nitrate reductase activity was maximal with 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soil.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selected plant physiological parameters namely electrical conductivity of plant cell, height, leaf area and nitrate reductase activity were also recorded maximum at 200 mg K2O kg−1 GNP treated soil.”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Glauconite nanoparticles could supply K throughout maize growth.
- Outcome
- supply K throughout the growth periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, glauconite nano-particle could supply K throughout the growth period and enhanced biomass yield of maize plant without showing any K deficiency symptom.”
Claim · model-written summary
Glauconite nanoparticles enhanced maize biomass yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, glauconite nano-particle could supply K throughout the growth period and enhanced biomass yield of maize plant without showing any K deficiency symptom.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize had no K deficiency symptoms with glauconite nanoparticles.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, glauconite nano-particle could supply K throughout the growth period and enhanced biomass yield of maize plant without showing any K deficiency symptom.”
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