Abstract
IMPROVING soil productivity, enhancing nutrition use efficiency, and protecting plants from environmental stress, can be ascertained by nanofertilizers. Lysimeter experiments were conducted at Sakha Agriculture Research Station Farm during two successive summer 2017 and winter 2018 growing seasons to study the effect of foliar application with different concentrations with nano-silica and different salinity of irrigation water on some soil properties and productivity of maize and faba bean plants. For soil properties, results showed that there are no variations between soil salinity and foliar application with different concentrations with nano-silica. But, there is a remarkable variation in mean of soil salinity between irrigation with fresh water and blended with well water treatments, which T4 (1.36 dS m-1), recorded 4.32 and 4.47 dS m-1, compared with T2 (2.45 dS m-1), recorded 5.07 and 5.28 dS m-1, at 0-20 cm depth for maize and faba bean plants, respectively. Also, the mean values of Exchangeable sodium percent after harvesting of maize was 12.55, 14.97, 14.72 and 13.85 % with different irrigation water treatments T1 (0.51 dS m-1), T2 (2.45 dS m-1), T3 (1.84 dS m-1), and T4 (1.36 dS m-1), respectively, at 0-20 cm depth. The same trend was exhibited by faba bean plants. Anatomical structure in roots of maize and faba bean plants recorded increment (22.75% and 15.54%) with 300 mg L-1 nano-Si more than the control. Also, all of the anatomical characters of roots were decreased by increasing of the salinity irrigation water and recorded lowest values up to T2 (2.45 dS m-1) and without nano-Si. Treatment T2 showed a significant reduction in grain yield (39.28 and 80.13 %), and in straw yield (38.84 and 78.06%) for maize and faba bean plants, respectively, in comparison with the control treatment, T1. On the other hand, T4 recorded the highest values 4.22 and 5.32 Mg Fed.-1 in grain and straw yield of maize plants and 1.74 and 1.84 Mg fed-1 in grain and straw yield of faba bean plants, respectively, under foliar application with 300 mg L-1 of nano-silica compared with other concentrations. The same trend was observed in chlorophyll content, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of maize and faba bean. Based on these results, foliar application with 300 mg L-1 of nano-silica is the proper concentration to mitigate the salt stress for maize and faba bean plants.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-silica concentrations did not vary soil salinity.
- Treatment
- foliar application with different concentrations with nano-silicae0
- Outcome
- soil salinitye0
- Direction
- no variationse0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there are no variations between soil salinity and foliar application with different concentrations with nano-silica”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation water treatments varied soil salinity in maize.
- Treatment
- T4 (1.36 dS m-1)e0
- Outcome
- soil salinitye0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- 4.32e0
- Qualifier
- 5.07 and 5.28 dS m-1e0
- Comparator
- T2 (2.45 dS m-1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there is a remarkable variation in mean of soil salinity between irrigation with fresh water and blended with well water treatments, which T4 (1.36 dS m-1), recorded 4.32 and 4.47 dS m-1, compared with T2 (2.45 dS m-1), recorded 5.07 and 5.28 dS m-1, at 0-20 cm depth for maize and faba bean plants, respectively”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize exchangeable sodium percentage varied among irrigation treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mean values of Exchangeable sodium percent after harvesting of maize was 12.55, 14.97, 14.72 and 13.85 % with different irrigation water treatments T1 (0.51 dS m-1), T2 (2.45 dS m-1), T3 (1.84 dS m-1), and T4 (1.36 dS m-1), respectively, at 0-20 cm depth”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize root anatomy increased with nano-Si.
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- 300 mg L-1 nano-Sie0
- Outcome
- Anatomical structuree0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 22.75%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Anatomical structure in roots of maize and faba bean plants recorded increment (22.75% and 15.54%) with 300 mg L-1 nano-Si more than the control”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean root anatomy increased with nano-Si.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabae0 - Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- 300 mg L-1 nano-Sie0
- Outcome
- Anatomical structuree0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 15.54%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Anatomical structure in roots of maize and faba bean plants recorded increment (22.75% and 15.54%) with 300 mg L-1 nano-Si more than the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation salinity decreased root anatomical characters.
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- increasing of the salinity irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- anatomical characterse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- T2 (2.45 dS m-1) and without nano-Sie0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all of the anatomical characters of roots were decreased by increasing of the salinity irrigation water and recorded lowest values up to T2 (2.45 dS m-1) and without nano-Si”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
T2 reduced maize grain yield by 39.28%.
- Treatment
- Treatment T2e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 39.28e0
- Comparator
- control treatment, T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment T2 showed a significant reduction in grain yield (39.28 and 80.13 %), and in straw yield (38.84 and 78.06%) for maize and faba bean plants, respectively, in comparison with the control treatment, T1”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
T2 reduced faba bean grain yield by 80.13%.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- Treatment T2e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 80.13 %e0
- Comparator
- control treatment, T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment T2 showed a significant reduction in grain yield (39.28 and 80.13 %), and in straw yield (38.84 and 78.06%) for maize and faba bean plants, respectively, in comparison with the control treatment, T1”
Claim · model-written summary
T2 reduced maize straw yield by 38.84%.
- Treatment
- Treatment T2e0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 38.84e0
- Comparator
- control treatment, T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment T2 showed a significant reduction in grain yield (39.28 and 80.13 %), and in straw yield (38.84 and 78.06%) for maize and faba bean plants, respectively, in comparison with the control treatment, T1”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
T2 reduced faba bean straw yield by 78.06%.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- Treatment T2e0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 78.06%e0
- Comparator
- control treatment, T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment T2 showed a significant reduction in grain yield (39.28 and 80.13 %), and in straw yield (38.84 and 78.06%) for maize and faba bean plants, respectively, in comparison with the control treatment, T1”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 with 300 mg L-1 nano-silica gave the highest maize grain yield.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T4 recorded the highest values 4.22 and 5.32 Mg Fed.-1 in grain and straw yield of maize plants and 1.74 and 1.84 Mg fed-1 in grain and straw yield of faba bean plants, respectively, under foliar application with 300 mg L-1 of nano-silica compared with other concentrations”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 with nano-silica gave the highest maize straw yield.
- Treatment
- T4e0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.32 Mg Fed.-1e0
- Comparator
- other concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T4 recorded the highest values 4.22 and 5.32 Mg Fed.-1 in grain and straw yield of maize plants and 1.74 and 1.84 Mg fed-1 in grain and straw yield of faba bean plants, respectively, under foliar application with 300 mg L-1 of nano-silica compared with other concentrations”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 with nano-silica gave the highest faba bean grain yield.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- T4e0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.74e0
- Comparator
- other concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T4 recorded the highest values 4.22 and 5.32 Mg Fed.-1 in grain and straw yield of maize plants and 1.74 and 1.84 Mg fed-1 in grain and straw yield of faba bean plants, respectively, under foliar application with 300 mg L-1 of nano-silica compared with other concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 with nano-silica gave the highest faba bean straw yield.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- T4e0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.84 Mg fed-1e0
- Comparator
- other concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T4 recorded the highest values 4.22 and 5.32 Mg Fed.-1 in grain and straw yield of maize plants and 1.74 and 1.84 Mg fed-1 in grain and straw yield of faba bean plants, respectively, under foliar application with 300 mg L-1 of nano-silica compared with other concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency followed the yield trend.
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiencye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The same trend was observed in chlorophyll content, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of maize and faba bean”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 300 mg L-1 nano-silica to mitigate salt stress.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application with 300 mg L-1 of nano-silica is the proper concentration to mitigate the salt stress for maize and faba bean plants”
t0“Effect of nano silica sized application and different levels of saline irrigation water on soil properties and crop-water productivity of maize and faba bean”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.