Abstract
Field experiments were conducted for two-consecutive summer seasons of 2016–17 and 2017–18 at Agriculture Research Institute Mingora Swat, Pakistan, on soybean and maize under soybean-wheat (S-W) and maize-wheat (M-W) cropping systems. Three peach sources were used as a residues, its compost and its Nano-black carbon, three phosphorus-rates (50, 75 and 100 kg-ha−1) and two beneficial microbes (PSB and Trichoderma) were tested for improvement of ensilage biomass of maize and soybean, and soil organic-carbon (SOC) under both cropping systems. The results revealed that all the treated plots produced highest SOC compared to the control plots under soybean and maize cropping system. Improved SOC was noted with the OS amendment of Nano-black carbon in both cropping systems. Whereas minimum SOC was noted in soybean experimentation with compost while in maize plot reduced SOC was noted with peach residues incorporation. Beneficial microbes had a significant effect on SOC and improved SOC was recorded with soil application Trichoderma as compared to seed inoculation with PSB in soybean and maize plots. Phosphorus levels had also significant effect on SOC and highest SOC was recorded at 100 kg P ha−1 followed by 75 kg P ha−1 whereas the smallest SOC was recorded with 50 kg P ha−1. Ensilage highest biomass of the both crops was noted with peach Nano-black carbon, followed by compost and reduced biomass were noted with peach residues application. Among the P-rate, increased ensilage biomass was recorded with 100 kg P ha−1application while in case of beneficial microbes application, soil application of Trichoderma produced highest biomass as compared to seed inoculation with PSB.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Treated soybean and maize plots had higher SOC than controls.
- Taxon
- soybean and maize
Glycine max
Zea mayse0 - Treatment
- treated plotse0
- Outcome
- SOCe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all the treated plots produced highest SOC compared to the control plots under soybean and maize cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-black carbon improved SOC in both cropping systems.
- Taxon
- Soybean and MaizeGlycine maxZea mayst0
- Treatment
- OS amendment of Nano-black carbone0
- Outcome
- SOCe0
- Direction
- Improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Improved SOC was noted with the OS amendment of Nano-black carbon in both cropping systems”
t0“Soybean and Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost gave the minimum SOC in soybean experimentation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- composte0
- Outcome
- SOCe0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum SOC was noted in soybean experimentation with compost”
Claim · model-written summary
Peach residue incorporation reduced SOC in maize plots.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in maize plot reduced SOC was noted with peach residues incorporation”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil-applied Trichoderma raised SOC relative to seed-inoculated PSB in soybean and maize.
- Taxon
- soybean and maizeGlycine maxZea mayse0
- Treatment
- soil application Trichodermae0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae0symbiont - Second interactor
- PSBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- SOCe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- seed inoculation with PSBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Beneficial microbes had a significant effect on SOC and improved SOC was recorded with soil application Trichoderma as compared to seed inoculation with PSB in soybean and maize plots”
Claim · model-written summary
The 100 kg P rate gave the highest SOC, followed by 75 kg P.
- Taxon
- Soybean and MaizeGlycine maxZea mayst0
- Treatment
- 100 kg P ha−1e0
- Outcome
- SOCe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- 75 kg P ha−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest SOC was recorded at 100 kg P ha−1 followed by 75 kg P ha−1”
t0“Soybean and Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50 kg P rate gave the smallest SOC.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the smallest SOC was recorded with 50 kg P ha−1”
t0“Soybean and Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Peach Nano-black carbon gave the highest ensilage biomass in both crops.
- Taxon
- Soybean and MaizeGlycine maxZea mayst0
- Treatment
- peach Nano-black carbone0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- composte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ensilage highest biomass of the both crops was noted with peach Nano-black carbon, followed by compost and reduced biomass were noted with peach residues application”
t0“Soybean and Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Peach residue application reduced ensilage biomass.
- Taxon
- Soybean and MaizeGlycine maxZea mayst0
- Treatment
- peach residues applicatione0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced biomass were noted with peach residues application”
t0“Soybean and Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
A 100 kg P rate increased ensilage biomass.
- Taxon
- Soybean and MaizeGlycine maxZea mayst0
- Treatment
- 100 kg P ha−1applicatione0
- Outcome
- ensilage biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased ensilage biomass was recorded with 100 kg P ha−1application”
t0“Soybean and Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil-applied Trichoderma yielded greater ensilage biomass than seed-inoculated PSB.
- Taxon
- Soybean and MaizeGlycine maxZea mayst0
- Treatment
- soil application of Trichodermae0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae0symbiont
- Second interactor
- PSBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- seed inoculation with PSBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application of Trichoderma produced highest biomass as compared to seed inoculation with PSB”
t0“Soybean and Maize”
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See all 78 papers →8 of 14 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.