Abstract
Abstract Biochar amendment to soil has the potential to improve soil quality and increase crop yield. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF ) provide beneficial plant services of stress alleviation with respect to phosphorus (P) deficiency and drought. The aim of this study was to explore interactive effects of biochar with AMF , P fertilization levels and irrigation strategies on growth of potato plants. Potato plants were amended with wood biochar of 0.74 % w/w (B+) or not (B−), fertilized with phosphorus of 0.11 mg P g −1 soil (P1) or not (P0), irrigated with full irrigation ( FI ) or partial root‐zone drying irrigation ( PRD ) and inoculated with AMF of Rhizophagus irregularis (M+) or not (M−) in split‐root pots in a sandy loam soil. Plants were analysed for growth performance, P and nitrogen (N) uptake and water use efficiency ( WUE ). Biochar adsorption of mineral P and N in aqueous solution was tested in subexperiment. B+ significantly decreased plant biomass production except under P0 FI M−, where B+ increased plant biomass. This growth stimulation was counteracted by treatments of P1, PRD and M+. B+ significantly decreased plant leaf area, P and N uptake and WUE , but had no significant effect on root biomass and soil pH. The positive plant growth response to AMF was substantially reduced by biochar amendment. The wood biochar had no adsorption for mineral N, and it had 0.96 % adsorption for mineral P in aqueous solution. The results suggested that the negative effect of wood biochar application on plant growth may due to the reduced plant uptake of P and N and the possibility of phytotoxic effects of wood biochar on potato growth. It was concluded that the wood biochar used in current study had negative impact on plant growth and P/N uptake and it is not recommendable to apply this wood biochar to mycorrhizal agro‐system, to soil fertilized with high rate of P or to soil suffering water deficiency.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar decreased potato biomass except under P0 FI M−.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Treatment
- B+e0
- Outcome
- plant biomass productione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- except under P0 FI M−e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B+ significantly decreased plant biomass production except under P0 FI M−”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar increased potato biomass under P0 FI M−.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- B+e0
- Outcome
- plant biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- P0 FI M−e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“except under P0 FI M−, where B+ increased plant biomass”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
P1, PRD and M+ counteracted the potato growth stimulation from biochar.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- P1, PRD and M+e0
- Outcome
- growth stimulatione0
- Direction
- counteractede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This growth stimulation was counteracted by treatments of P1, PRD and M+.”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar decreased potato leaf area, P and N uptake, and WUE.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- B+e0
- Outcome
- plant leaf area, P and N uptake and WUEe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B+ significantly decreased plant leaf area, P and N uptake and WUE”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar had no significant effect on potato root biomass.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- B+e0
- Outcome
- root biomasse0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B+ significantly decreased plant leaf area, P and N uptake and WUE , but had no significant effect on root biomass and soil pH”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar reduced the positive potato growth response to AMF.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- biochar amendmente0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant growth response to AMFe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The positive plant growth response to AMF was substantially reduced by biochar amendment.”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Wood biochar had no mineral N adsorption in solution.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The wood biochar had no adsorption for mineral N”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Wood biochar adsorbed 0.96 % of mineral P in solution.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“it had 0.96 % adsorption for mineral P in aqueous solution”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise against this biochar in mycorrhizal, high-P or water-deficient systems.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Outcome
- not recommendable to apply this wood biochare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is not recommendable to apply this wood biochar to mycorrhizal agro‐system, to soil fertilized with high rate of P or to soil suffering water deficiency”
t0“Potato”
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