Abstract
The effects of moderate salinity on the responses of woody plants to UV-B radiation were investigated using two Populus species (Populus alba and Populus russkii). Under UV-B radiation, moderate salinity reduced the oxidation pressure in both species, as indicated by lower levels of cellular H2O2 and membrane peroxidation, and weakened the inhibition of photochemical efficiency expressed by O-J-I-P changes. UV-B-induced DNA lesions in chloroplast and nucleus were alleviated by salinity, which could be explained by the higher expression levels of DNA repair system genes under UV-B&salt condition, such as the PHR, DDB2, and MutSα genes. The salt-induced increase in organic osmolytes proline and glycine betaine, afforded more efficient protection against UV-B radiation. Therefore moderate salinity induced cross-tolerance to UV-B stress in poplar plants. It is thus suggested that woody plants growing in moderate salted condition would be less affected by enhanced UV-B radiation than plants growing in the absence of salt. Our results also showed that UV-B signal genes in poplar plants PaCOP1, PaSTO and PaSTH2 were quickly responding to UV-B radiation, but not to salt. The transcripts of PaHY5 and its downstream pathway genes (PaCHS1, PaCHS4, PaFLS1 and PaFLS2) were differently up-regulated by these treatments, but the flavonoid compounds were not involved in the cross-tolerance since their concentration increased to the same extent in both UV-B and combined stresses.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate salinity reduced cellular hydrogen peroxide under UV-B in both Populus species.
PopulusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two Populus species (Populus alba and Populus russkii)”
e1“Under UV-B radiation, moderate salinity reduced the oxidation pressure in both species, as indicated by lower levels of cellular H2O2 and membrane peroxidation”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate salinity reduced membrane peroxidation under UV-B in both Populus species.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two Populus species (Populus alba and Populus russkii)”
e1“Under UV-B radiation, moderate salinity reduced the oxidation pressure in both species, as indicated by lower levels of cellular H2O2 and membrane peroxidation”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity weakened UV-B inhibition of photochemical efficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two Populus species (Populus alba and Populus russkii)”
e1“moderate salinity reduced the oxidation pressure in both species, as indicated by lower levels of cellular H2O2 and membrane peroxidation, and weakened the inhibition of photochemical efficiency expressed by O-J-I-P changes”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity alleviated UV-B-induced chloroplast DNA lesions.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two Populus species (Populus alba and Populus russkii)”
e1“UV-B-induced DNA lesions in chloroplast and nucleus were alleviated by salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity alleviated UV-B-induced nuclear DNA lesions.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two Populus species (Populus alba and Populus russkii)”
e1“UV-B-induced DNA lesions in chloroplast and nucleus were alleviated by salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
DNA repair system genes had higher expression under combined UV-B and salt.
- Gene
- PHR, DDB2, and MutSα genese1
- Outcome
- expression levels of DNA repair system genese1
- Direction
- highere1
- Qualifier
- UV-B&salt conditione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two Populus species (Populus alba and Populus russkii)”
e1“higher expression levels of DNA repair system genes under UV-B&salt condition, such as the PHR, DDB2, and MutSα genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt increased proline and glycine betaine, which authors linked to UV-B protection.
- Compound
- proline and glycine betainee1
- Outcome
- more efficient protection against UV-B radiatione1
- Direction
- more efficiente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two Populus species (Populus alba and Populus russkii)”
e1“The salt-induced increase in organic osmolytes proline and glycine betaine, afforded more efficient protection against UV-B radiation”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B signal genes PaCOP1, PaSTO and PaSTH2 responded quickly to UV-B radiation.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UV-B signal genes in poplar plants PaCOP1, PaSTO and PaSTH2 were quickly responding to UV-B radiation, but not to salt”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B signal genes PaCOP1, PaSTO and PaSTH2 did not respond to salt.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UV-B signal genes in poplar plants PaCOP1, PaSTO and PaSTH2 were quickly responding to UV-B radiation, but not to salt”
Claim · model-written summary
PaHY5 and downstream pathway genes were differently up-regulated by UV-B and combined treatments.
- Gene
- PaHY5 and its downstream pathway genes (PaCHS1, PaCHS4, PaFLS1 and PaFLS2)e1
- Outcome
- transcriptse1
- Direction
- up-regulatede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UV-B signal genes in poplar plants”
e1“The transcripts of PaHY5 and its downstream pathway genes (PaCHS1, PaCHS4, PaFLS1 and PaFLS2) were differently up-regulated by these treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavonoid concentration increased to the same extent under UV-B alone and combined stress.
- Outcome
- flavonoid compoundse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- same extent in both UV-B and combined stressese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UV-B signal genes in poplar plants”
e1“flavonoid compounds were not involved in the cross-tolerance since their concentration increased to the same extent in both UV-B and combined stresses”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · physiology: photosynthesis · Populus (poplar)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
salinity · physiology: oxidative · Populus (poplar)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.