Abstract
Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the distribution of native B, the availability of native and applied B in 14 Virginia soils and the specific reactions of B in soil and hydroxy Al and Fe systems. Total B in the 14 soils ranged from 21.5 to 96.3 mg kg⁻¹. Only a small portion of the total B was in soil solution, non-specifically and specifically adsorbed forms and Mn minerals. These fractions of B are readily available to plants. A large part of the total B was associated with non-crystalline and crystalline Al and Fe minerals and soil silicates. These forms of B contribute little to B absorption by plants. Hot water soluble B, NH₄-acetate extractable B, mannitol exchangeable B and Mehlich III extractable B from the soils closely correlated with the concentrations in corn plants from native B in the greenhouse experiment. A yield response of corn plants to B application did not occur on the soils. Both tissue B concentration from applied B and maximum B adsorption by the soils closely correlated with soil clay, hydroxylamine hydrochloride extractable Mn and NH₄—oxalate (pH 3.25) extractable Al and Fe (under UV light). These data indicated that soil clay and Al-, Fe- and Mn-oxides and hydroxides have high affinities to adsorb B in plant unavailable forms. Boron adsorption on both gibbsite and goethite was pH and temperature dependent. At pH 6.5, boric acid was major species in the system and B was absorbed by the negatively charged surface of gibbsite and the positively charged surface of goethite. At pH 10, borate was primarily species in the system and B was adsorbed on negatively charged surfaces of both minerals. Boron adsorption was greater at pH 10 than at pH 6.5. An increase in temperature increased B adsorption on both minerals at both pH levels. This indicated that the B adsorption was an exothermic process. Boron adsorption on gibbsite and goethite shifted the ZPC of the minerals downward. This verified that specific B adsorption occurred on the surfaces. Aluminum substitution in goethite increased the affinity of the surface for B adsorption.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Total B in the 14 soils ranged from 21.5 to 96.3 mg/kg.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Total B in the 14 soils ranged from 21.5 to 96.3 mg kg⁻¹”
Claim · model-written summary
Only a small portion of the total soil B was in soil solution, in non-specifically and specifically adsorbed forms, and in Mn minerals.
- Outcome
- a small portion of the total Be0
- Qualifier
- soil solution, non-specifically and specifically adsorbed forms and Mn mineralse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Only a small portion of the total B was in soil solution, non-specifically and specifically adsorbed forms and Mn minerals”
Claim · model-written summary
A large part of the total soil B was associated with non-crystalline and crystalline Al and Fe minerals and soil silicates.
- Outcome
- large part of the total Be0
- Qualifier
- non-crystalline and crystalline Al and Fe minerals and soil silicatese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“A large part of the total B was associated with non-crystalline and crystalline Al and Fe minerals and soil silicates”
Claim · model-written summary
The B bound to Al and Fe minerals and soil silicates contributes little to plant B absorption.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“These forms of B contribute little to B absorption by plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Hot water soluble B, NH4-acetate extractable B and mannitol exchangeable B from the soils closely correlated with B concentrations in corn plants grown on native B in the greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- native Be1
- Outcome
- concentrations in corn plantse1
- Qualifier
- Hot water soluble B, NH₄-acetate extractable B, mannitol exchangeable Be1
- Setting
- greenhouse experimente1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Hot water soluble B, NH₄-acetate extractable B, mannitol exchangeable B and Mehlich III extractable B from the soils closely correlated with the concentrations in corn plants from native B in the greenhouse experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Mehlich III extractable B from the soils closely correlated with B concentrations in corn plants grown on native B in the greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- native Be1
- Outcome
- concentrations in corn plantse1
- Qualifier
- Mehlich III extractable Be1
- Setting
- greenhouse experimente1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Hot water soluble B, NH₄-acetate extractable B, mannitol exchangeable B and Mehlich III extractable B from the soils closely correlated with the concentrations in corn plants from native B in the greenhouse experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Tissue B concentration from applied B closely correlated with soil clay, hydroxylamine-extractable Mn and Al and Fe extractable by NH4-oxalate.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- applied Be0
- Outcome
- tissue B concentration from applied Be0
- Qualifier
- soil clay, hydroxylamine hydrochloride extractable Mn and NH₄—oxalate (pH 3.25) extractable Al and Fee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both tissue B concentration from applied B and maximum B adsorption by the soils closely correlated with soil clay, hydroxylamine hydrochloride extractable Mn and NH₄—oxalate (pH 3.25) extractable Al and Fe (under UV light)”
e1“concentrations in corn plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum B adsorption by the soils closely correlated with soil clay, hydroxylamine-extractable Mn and Al and Fe extractable by NH4-oxalate.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Both tissue B concentration from applied B and maximum B adsorption by the soils closely correlated with soil clay, hydroxylamine hydrochloride extractable Mn and NH₄—oxalate (pH 3.25) extractable Al and Fe (under UV light)”
Claim · model-written summary
A yield response of corn plants to B application did not occur on the soils.
- Taxon
- corn plantsZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- B applicatione2
- Outcome
- yield responsee2
- Direction
- did not occure2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“A yield response of corn plants to B application did not occur on the soils”
Claim · model-written summary
At pH 6.5, B was adsorbed on the negatively charged surface of gibbsite and the positively charged surface of goethite.
- Treatment
- pH 6.5e4
- Outcome
- B was absorbed by the negatively charged surface of gibbsitee4
- Qualifier
- the positively charged surface of goethitee4
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e4“At pH 6.5, boric acid was major species in the system and B was absorbed by the negatively charged surface of gibbsite and the positively charged surface of goethite”
Claim · model-written summary
At pH 10, B was adsorbed on negatively charged surfaces of both gibbsite and goethite.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e5“At pH 10, borate was primarily species in the system and B was adsorbed on negatively charged surfaces of both minerals”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron adsorption was greater at pH 10 than at pH 6.5.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e6“Boron adsorption was greater at pH 10 than at pH 6.5”
Claim · model-written summary
An increase in temperature increased B adsorption on both minerals at both pH levels.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e7“An increase in temperature increased B adsorption on both minerals at both pH levels”
Claim · model-written summary
B adsorption on the minerals is an exothermic process.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“This indicated that the B adsorption was an exothermic process”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron adsorption on gibbsite and goethite shifted the zero point of charge (ZPC) of the minerals downward.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e1“Boron adsorption on gibbsite and goethite shifted the ZPC of the minerals downward”
Claim · model-written summary
Specific B adsorption occurred on the mineral surfaces (author interpretation of the ZPC shift).
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“This verified that specific B adsorption occurred on the surfaces”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum substitution in goethite increased the affinity of the surface for B adsorption.
- Treatment
- Aluminum substitution in goethitee1
- Outcome
- affinity of the surface for B adsorptione1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e1“Aluminum substitution in goethite increased the affinity of the surface for B adsorption”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 72 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
79 papers more in this group
See all 83 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.