Abstract
Biological efficacy of three insecticides of natural origin (azadirachtin, strain ATCC 74040 of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, and spinosad) and of one synthetic insecticide (acetamiprid) in the control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated. The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants. Products based on azadirachtin and B. bassiana were applied twice at four-day interval. The trial was conducted in four replicates in a randomized block design. The efficacy was assessed 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment. Azadirachtin (product Neem-Azal T/S, 0.5% and 1%) achieved the efficacy of 55.4-67% (lower rate) and 68.1-87% (higher rate) in adult control, while the efficacy in larval control was 71.9-91.3% i.e., 67.1-92.2%. Efficacy of B. bassiana (product Naturalis, 0.1% and 0.2%) in adult control was 63.2-81.7% (lower rate) and 62.7-87.1% (higher rate), while in the control of larvae the efficacy of 73.2-87.7% i.e., 82.6-94.6% was recorded. Efficacy of spinosad (product Laser 240-SC, 0.05%) was 72-81.5% (adults) and 47.176.9% (larvae). Acetamiprid (product Mospilan 20-SP, 0.025%) achieved efficacy of 80.4-84.8% (adults) and 40-62.3% (larvae). The results obtained indicate that the investigated natural insecticides are potentially good alternative to synthetic insecticides in the control of whitefly adults and larvae on tomato grown in greenhouses.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachtin (Neem-Azal T/S) gave adult whitefly control efficacy of 55.4-67% at the lower rate.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- Azadirachtin (product Neem-Azal T/S, 0.5% and 1%)e2
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)
Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest - Outcome
- efficacye2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 55.4-67%e2
- Qualifier
- lower ratee2
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e2“Azadirachtin (product Neem-Azal T/S, 0.5% and 1%) achieved the efficacy of 55.4-67% (lower rate) and 68.1-87% (higher rate) in adult control”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachtin (Neem-Azal T/S) gave adult whitefly control efficacy of 68.1-87% at the higher rate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Azadirachtin (product Neem-Azal T/S, 0.5% and 1%)e2
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Outcome
- efficacye2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 68.1-87%e2
- Qualifier
- higher ratee2
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e2“Azadirachtin (product Neem-Azal T/S, 0.5% and 1%) achieved the efficacy of 55.4-67% (lower rate) and 68.1-87% (higher rate) in adult control”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachtin (Neem-Azal T/S) gave larval whitefly control efficacy of 71.9-91.3% i.e., 67.1-92.2%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Azadirachtin (product Neem-Azal T/S, 0.5% and 1%)e2
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Outcome
- efficacye3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- 71.9-91.3% i.e., 67.1-92.2%e3
- Qualifier
- larval controle3
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e2“Azadirachtin (product Neem-Azal T/S, 0.5% and 1%) achieved the efficacy of 55.4-67% (lower rate) and 68.1-87% (higher rate) in adult control”
e3“while the efficacy in larval control was 71.9-91.3% i.e., 67.1-92.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
Beauveria bassiana (Naturalis) gave adult whitefly control efficacy of 63.2-81.7% at the lower rate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- B. bassiana (product Naturalis, 0.1% and 0.2%)e4
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Second interactor
- B. bassiana
Beauveria bassianae4biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- Efficacye4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 63.2-81.7%e4
- Qualifier
- lower ratee4
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e4“Efficacy of B. bassiana (product Naturalis, 0.1% and 0.2%) in adult control was 63.2-81.7% (lower rate) and 62.7-87.1% (higher rate)”
Claim · model-written summary
Beauveria bassiana (Naturalis) gave adult whitefly control efficacy of 62.7-87.1% at the higher rate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- B. bassiana (product Naturalis, 0.1% and 0.2%)e4
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Second interactor
- B. bassianaBeauveria bassianae4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Efficacye4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 62.7-87.1%e4
- Qualifier
- higher ratee4
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e4“Efficacy of B. bassiana (product Naturalis, 0.1% and 0.2%) in adult control was 63.2-81.7% (lower rate) and 62.7-87.1% (higher rate)”
Claim · model-written summary
Beauveria bassiana (Naturalis) gave larval whitefly control efficacy of 73.2-87.7% i.e., 82.6-94.6%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- B. bassiana (product Naturalis, 0.1% and 0.2%)e4
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Second interactor
- B. bassianaBeauveria bassianae4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- efficacye5
- Direction
- higherinferrede5
- Value
- 73.2-87.7% i.e., 82.6-94.6%e5
- Qualifier
- control of larvaee5
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e4“Efficacy of B. bassiana (product Naturalis, 0.1% and 0.2%) in adult control was 63.2-81.7% (lower rate) and 62.7-87.1% (higher rate)”
e5“while in the control of larvae the efficacy of 73.2-87.7% i.e., 82.6-94.6% was recorded”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad (Laser 240-SC) gave adult whitefly control efficacy of 72-81.5%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- spinosad (product Laser 240-SC, 0.05%)e6
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Outcome
- Efficacye6
- Direction
- higherinferrede6
- Value
- 72-81.5%e6
- Qualifier
- adultse6
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e6“Efficacy of spinosad (product Laser 240-SC, 0.05%) was 72-81.5% (adults) and 47.176.9% (larvae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad (Laser 240-SC) gave larval whitefly control efficacy of 47.176.9%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- spinosad (product Laser 240-SC, 0.05%)e6
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Outcome
- Efficacye6
- Direction
- higherinferrede6
- Value
- 47.176.9%e6
- Qualifier
- larvaee6
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e6“Efficacy of spinosad (product Laser 240-SC, 0.05%) was 72-81.5% (adults) and 47.176.9% (larvae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetamiprid (Mospilan 20-SP) gave adult whitefly control efficacy of 80.4-84.8%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Acetamiprid (product Mospilan 20-SP, 0.025%)e7
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Outcome
- efficacye7
- Direction
- higherinferrede7
- Value
- 80.4-84.8%e7
- Qualifier
- adultse7
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e7“Acetamiprid (product Mospilan 20-SP, 0.025%) achieved efficacy of 80.4-84.8% (adults) and 40-62.3% (larvae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetamiprid (Mospilan 20-SP) gave larval whitefly control efficacy of 40-62.3%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Acetamiprid (product Mospilan 20-SP, 0.025%)e7
- Interactor
- whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)Trialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Outcome
- efficacye7
- Direction
- higherinferrede7
- Value
- 40-62.3%e7
- Qualifier
- larvaee7
- Setting
- commercial greenhouse at the Debrc localitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated”
e1“The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Debrc locality (N44 degrees 37.556'; E019 degrees 57.012') on tomato plants”
e7“Acetamiprid (product Mospilan 20-SP, 0.025%) achieved efficacy of 80.4-84.8% (adults) and 40-62.3% (larvae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Natural insecticides are potentially good alternatives to synthetic insecticides for controlling whitefly adults and larvae on greenhouse tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- investigated natural insecticidese7
- Outcome
- control of whitefly adults and larvaee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The results obtained indicate that the investigated natural insecticides are potentially good alternative to synthetic insecticides in the control of whitefly adults and larvae on tomato grown in greenhouses”
The same questions in other papers
spinosad · Trialeurodes vaporariorum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Beauveria bassiana · Trialeurodes vaporariorum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
acetamiprid · Trialeurodes vaporariorum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
botanical · Trialeurodes vaporariorum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.