Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 1994-1995 and 1995-1996 to study the effect of tillage and N management on winter sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] under dryland conditions in Vertisols of Bijapur, Karnataka State, India. The grain, stover, total N uptake at harvest, and crude protein production increased from shallow tillage (7.5 cm) to deep tillage (30 cm) and N application up to 50 kg ha-1 compared to lower N rates. Among the different organic materials, i.e., farmyard manure (at 2.5 t ha-1), vermicompost (at 1.0 t ha-1), and Leucaena sp. loppings (at 2.5 t ha-1), application of Leucaena sp. loppings proved beneficial with greater sorghum production. Deep tillage compared to shallow tillage, produced greater grain (45%), stover (33%), total N uptake (79%), and crude protein production (80%) at harvest. Incorporation of Leucaena sp. loppings increased the sorghum grain yield, total N uptake, and crude protein production by 9 and 19% over vermicompost. Application of organic materials and 25 kg N ha-1 was beneficial with mild to severe drought at reproductive stages of crop growth during 1994-1995. During 1995-1996, when rainfall distribution was uniform, application of organic materials along with increase in N up to 50 kg ha-1 proved beneficial with greater N uptake, crude protein, and sorghum grain production. In the pooled data, application of 50 kg N ha-1 produced significantly greater grain yield (23%), stover yield (20%), total N uptake (63%), and crude protein production (64%) compared to the control. Deep tillage with application of Leucaena sp. loppings and 25 kg N ha-1 during drought years were beneficial, whereas further application of 25 kg N ha-1 at 30 days after sowing proved beneficial during normal rainfall situations.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage increased grain yield by 45% versus shallow tillage.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deep tillage compared to shallow tillage, produced greater grain (45%)”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage increased stover by 33%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deep tillage compared to shallow tillage, produced greater grain (45%), stover (33%)”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage increased total nitrogen uptake by 79%.
- Treatment
- Deep tillagee0
- Outcome
- total N uptakee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 79%e0
- Comparator
- shallow tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deep tillage compared to shallow tillage, produced greater grain (45%), stover (33%), total N uptake (79%)”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage increased crude protein production by 80%.
- Treatment
- Deep tillagee0
- Outcome
- crude protein productione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 80%e0
- Comparator
- shallow tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deep tillage compared to shallow tillage, produced greater grain (45%), stover (33%), total N uptake (79%), and crude protein production (80%)”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Leucaena loppings gave greater sorghum production among organic materials.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of Leucaena sp. loppings proved beneficial with greater sorghum production”
Claim · model-written summary
Leucaena loppings increased grain yield over vermicompost.
- Treatment
- Leucaena sp. loppingse0
- Outcome
- sorghum grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- vermicomposte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incorporation of Leucaena sp. loppings increased the sorghum grain yield, total N uptake, and crude protein production by 9 and 19% over vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Leucaena loppings increased total nitrogen uptake over vermicompost.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incorporation of Leucaena sp. loppings increased the sorghum grain yield, total N uptake, and crude protein production by 9 and 19% over vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Leucaena loppings increased crude protein production over vermicompost.
- Treatment
- Leucaena sp. loppingse0
- Outcome
- crude protein productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- vermicomposte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incorporation of Leucaena sp. loppings increased the sorghum grain yield, total N uptake, and crude protein production by 9 and 19% over vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Fifty kilograms nitrogen per hectare increased pooled grain yield by 23% versus control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 50 kg N ha-1 produced significantly greater grain yield (23%), stover yield (20%), total N uptake (63%), and crude protein production (64%) compared to the control”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Fifty kilograms nitrogen per hectare increased pooled stover yield by 20%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 50 kg N ha-1 produced significantly greater grain yield (23%), stover yield (20%), total N uptake (63%), and crude protein production (64%) compared to the control”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Fifty kilograms nitrogen per hectare increased pooled total nitrogen uptake by 63%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 50 kg N ha-1 produced significantly greater grain yield (23%), stover yield (20%), total N uptake (63%), and crude protein production (64%) compared to the control”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Fifty kilograms nitrogen per hectare increased pooled crude protein production by 64%.
- Treatment
- 50 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- crude protein productione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 64%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 50 kg N ha-1 produced significantly greater grain yield (23%), stover yield (20%), total N uptake (63%), and crude protein production (64%) compared to the control”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic materials plus 25 kilograms nitrogen per hectare were beneficial during drought.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of organic materials and 25 kg N ha-1 was beneficial with mild to severe drought at reproductive stages of crop growth during 1994-1995”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic materials plus nitrogen up to 50 kilograms per hectare benefited uptake, protein, and grain production with uniform rainfall.
- Treatment
- organic materials along with increase in N up to 50 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- N uptake, crude protein, and sorghum grain productione0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of organic materials along with increase in N up to 50 kg ha-1 proved beneficial with greater N uptake, crude protein, and sorghum grain production”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage with Leucaena loppings and nitrogen was beneficial in drought years.
- Outcome
- Deep tillage with application of Leucaena sp. loppings and 25 kg N ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- drought yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deep tillage with application of Leucaena sp. loppings and 25 kg N ha-1 during drought years were beneficial”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional nitrogen at 30 days after sowing was beneficial under normal rainfall.
- Outcome
- further application of 25 kg N ha-1 at 30 days after sowinge0
- Qualifier
- normal rainfall situationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“further application of 25 kg N ha-1 at 30 days after sowing proved beneficial during normal rainfall situations”
t0“sorghum”
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See all 290 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.