Abstract
In order to explore the relationship between seed quality and changes in conjugated polyamine in plasma membrane purified from wheat embryos during grain ripening. Plasma membrane (PM) vesicles were isolated from the embryos of ripening wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) grains by the gradient centrifugation method. The contents of polyamines conjugated (covalently and non-covalently) to the PM vesicles were investigated. Results showed that after pollination, from the 22nd to the 32nd day, the embryos of wheat grains underwent dehydration, as judged by the decrease of embryo relative water content (ERWC). During embryo ripening, non-covalently conjugated (NCC)-Spd and NCC-Spm, covalently conjugated (CC)-Put and CC-Spd contents increased markedly, while relative embryo cell vigor (RECV) decreased slightly. The treatment with methylglyoxyl-bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG), an inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), inhibited the increases of the NCC-Spd and NCC-Spm contents, enhanced the decrease of RECV simultaneously, and decreased mature seed relative germination potential (RGP). The effects of MGBG were reversed by exogenous Spd and Spm. Phenanthrolin (o–Phen), an inhibitor of transglutaminase (TGase), inhibited the increases of CC-Put and CC-Spd contents, enhanced the decrease of RECV simultaneously, and decreased mature seed RGP. These results suggest that during embryo ripening, the levels of NCC-Spd, NCC-Spm, CC-Put, and CC-Spd increase, and these increases might affect embryo cell vigor and seed germination potential.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat embryo water content decreased from days 22 to 32 after pollination.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- embryose0
- Outcome
- embryo relative water content (ERWC)e0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- from the 22nd to the 32nd daye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“from the 22nd to the 32nd day, the embryos of wheat grains underwent dehydration, as judged by the decrease of embryo relative water content (ERWC)”
Claim · model-written summary
non-covalently conjugated (NCC)-Spd and NCC-Spm increased during embryo ripening.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- embryoe0
- Outcome
- non-covalently conjugated (NCC)-Spd and NCC-Spme0
- Direction
- increased markedlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During embryo ripening, non-covalently conjugated (NCC)-Spd and NCC-Spm, covalently conjugated (CC)-Put and CC-Spd contents increased markedly”
t0“wheat embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
covalently conjugated (CC)-Put and CC-Spd contents increased during embryo ripening.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- embryoe0
- Outcome
- covalently conjugated (CC)-Put and CC-Spd contentse0
- Direction
- increased markedlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During embryo ripening, non-covalently conjugated (NCC)-Spd and NCC-Spm, covalently conjugated (CC)-Put and CC-Spd contents increased markedly”
t0“wheat embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative embryo cell vigor decreased slightly during ripening.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- relative embryo cell vigor (RECV)e0
- Direction
- decreased slightlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while relative embryo cell vigor (RECV) decreased slightly”
t0“wheat embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
MGBG inhibited increases of NCC-Spd and NCC-Spm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- methylglyoxyl-bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG)e0
- Outcome
- NCC-Spd and NCC-Spm contentse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment with methylglyoxyl-bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG), an inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), inhibited the increases of the NCC-Spd and NCC-Spm contents”
t0“wheat embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
MGBG changed RECV.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- methylglyoxyl-bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG)e1
- Outcome
- RECVe0
- Direction
- enhanced the decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibited the increases of the NCC-Spd and NCC-Spm contents, enhanced the decrease of RECV simultaneously”
t0“wheat embryos”
e1“The treatment with methylglyoxyl-bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG)”
Claim · model-written summary
MGBG changed mature seed relative germination potential (RGP).
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- mature seed relative germination potential (RGP)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and decreased mature seed relative germination potential (RGP)”
t0“wheat embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous Spd and Spm reversed MGBG effects.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous Spd and Spme0
- Outcome
- effects of MGBGe0
- Direction
- reversede0
- Comparator
- MGBGe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of MGBG were reversed by exogenous Spd and Spm”
t0“wheat embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenanthrolin changed CC-Put and CC-Spd contents.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Phenanthrolin (o–Phen)e0
- Outcome
- CC-Put and CC-Spd contentse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenanthrolin (o–Phen), an inhibitor of transglutaminase (TGase), inhibited the increases of CC-Put and CC-Spd contents”
t0“wheat embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenanthrolin changed RECV.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Phenanthrolin (o–Phen)e1
- Outcome
- RECVe0
- Direction
- enhanced the decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibited the increases of CC-Put and CC-Spd contents, enhanced the decrease of RECV simultaneously”
t0“wheat embryos”
e1“Phenanthrolin (o–Phen), an inhibitor of transglutaminase (TGase)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenanthrolin changed mature seed RGP.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- mature seed RGPe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and decreased mature seed RGP”
t0“wheat embryos”
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