Abstract
In Trentino region strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa) are grown under tunnel with soilless cultivation system. This growing method allows to reduce grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) incidence but creates conditions for powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis) development. Starting from 2013, experimental trials with the aim to reduce chemical treatments on strawberry have been carried out. Some fungicides authorized in organic production have been recently registered on strawberry in Italy: among them there are commercial products based on potassium bicarbonate with specific activity against powdery mildew and very short pre-harvest intervals, moreover they are exempt from MRL. Semi-field and field trials were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of potassium bicarbonate against powdery mildew on strawberry. In the semi-field trials, potted plants were kept in a glasshouse and inoculated by shaking infected leaves over the plants. Treatments were: potassium bicarbonate, sulphur, bupirimate and untreated control. Four and five weekly applications were applied in the first and second trial, respectively. In the field trial (tunnel and soilless cultivation) a conventional spray program was compared with bicarbonate applications and the untreated control. Incidence and severity on leaves and fruits were assessed in these trials. In the glasshouse trials, the spray applications with potassium bicarbonate significantly reduced the incidence and severity of powdery mildew compared with untreated control. Efficacy of bicarbonate was similar to sulphur but was lower compared with the chemical reference. In the field trial, the untreated plots showed a high incidence of the disease while a very low incidence was observed both in conventional and bicarbonate treatments. In conclusion, our results showed that repeated applications of potassium bicarbonate were effective against powdery mildew and no phytotoxic effects were observed. Therefore this active ingredient can be included in IPM programs of strawberry, allowing a reduction of pesticide residues
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Tunnel soilless cultivation reduced strawberry grey mould incidence.
- Taxon
- strawberries
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Treatment
- tunnel with soilless cultivation systeme0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Outcome
- grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) incidencee0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Setting
- Trentino regione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In Trentino region strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa) are grown under tunnel with soilless cultivation system. This growing method allows to reduce grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Tunnel soilless cultivation created conditions favorable to powdery mildew development.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- tunnel with soilless cultivation systeme0
- Interactor
- Podosphaera aphanis
Podosphaera aphanise0pathogen - Outcome
- powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis) developmente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Trentino region strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa) are grown under tunnel with soilless cultivation system. This growing method allows to reduce grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) incidence but creates conditions for powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis) development.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium bicarbonate significantly reduced powdery mildew incidence and severity in glasshouse strawberry trials.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- spray applications with potassium bicarbonatee0
- Interactor
- Podosphaera aphanisPodosphaera aphanise2pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence and severity of powdery mildewe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
- Setting
- glasshouse trialse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the glasshouse trials, the spray applications with potassium bicarbonate significantly reduced the incidence and severity of powdery mildew compared with untreated control.”
e1“strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa)”
e2“powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bicarbonate efficacy was similar to sulphur.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Interactor
- Podosphaera aphanisPodosphaera aphanise2pathogen
- Outcome
- Efficacye0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- sulphure0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Efficacy of bicarbonate was similar to sulphur but was lower compared with the chemical reference.”
e1“strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa)”
e2“powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bicarbonate efficacy was lower than the chemical reference.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Interactor
- Podosphaera aphanisPodosphaera aphanise2pathogen
- Outcome
- Efficacye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- the chemical referencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Efficacy of bicarbonate was similar to sulphur but was lower compared with the chemical reference.”
e1“strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa)”
e2“powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated field strawberry plots showed high disease incidence.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Interactor
- Podosphaera aphanisPodosphaera aphanise2pathogen
- Outcome
- high incidence of the diseasee0
- Setting
- field triale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field trial, the untreated plots showed a high incidence of the disease”
e1“strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa)”
e2“powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional spray treatment produced very low disease incidence in the field.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- conventionale0
- Interactor
- Podosphaera aphanisPodosphaera aphanise2pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of the diseasee0
- Direction
- very lowe0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
- Setting
- field triale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field trial, the untreated plots showed a high incidence of the disease while a very low incidence was observed both in conventional and bicarbonate treatments.”
e1“strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa)”
e2“powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bicarbonate treatment produced very low disease incidence in the field.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- bicarbonate treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Podosphaera aphanisPodosphaera aphanise2pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of the diseasee0
- Direction
- very lowe0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
- Setting
- field triale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field trial, the untreated plots showed a high incidence of the disease while a very low incidence was observed both in conventional and bicarbonate treatments.”
e1“strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa)”
e2“powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated potassium bicarbonate applications were effective against powdery mildew.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- repeated applications of potassium bicarbonatee0
- Interactor
- Podosphaera aphanisPodosphaera aphanise2pathogen
- Outcome
- effective against powdery mildewe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“repeated applications of potassium bicarbonate were effective against powdery mildew”
e1“strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa)”
e2“powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis)”
Claim · model-written summary
No phytotoxic effects were observed with bicarbonate applications.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- repeated applications of potassium bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- no phytotoxic effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“repeated applications of potassium bicarbonate were effective against powdery mildew and no phytotoxic effects were observed.”
e1“strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend potassium bicarbonate for strawberry IPM to reduce pesticide residues.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- potassium bicarbonatee1
- Outcome
- included in IPM programs of strawberry, allowing a reduction of pesticide residuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore this active ingredient can be included in IPM programs of strawberry, allowing a reduction of pesticide residues”
e1“Treatments were: potassium bicarbonate”
The same questions in other papers
potassium hydrogencarbonate · Podosphaera aphanis · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
growing medium · Botrytis cinerea · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · Podosphaera aphanis · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.