Abstract
Plants have the natural ability to withstand stress conditions through metabolic adjustments. The present study aimed at investigating the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) application (0, 25, 50, 150, 250, 500, and 750 mg kg –1 ) in phosphorus-deficient soil in terms of growth responses, P contents, and metabolic alterations in rice. TiO 2 NPs application increased shoot length up to 14.5%. Phosphorus contents in rice roots, shoots, and grains were increased by 2.6-, 2.4-, and 1.3-fold, respectively, at 750 mg kg –1 of TiO 2 NPs. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics revealed increased levels of amino acids, palmitic acid, and glycerol content in grains resulting from plants grown in 750 mg kg –1 TiO 2 NPs-treated soil. Furthermore, no translocation of TiO 2 NPs from the treated soil to rice grains was detected by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), which suggests no risk of TiO 2 NPs intake via grain consumption. The observed data indicates the strong relationship among NPs application, P contents, and metabolic alterations.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
TiO2 nanoparticles increased shoot length up to 14.5%.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- TiO 2 NPs applicatione0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 14.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TiO 2 NPs application increased shoot length up to 14.5%.”
t0“rice”
t1“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Root phosphorus increased 2.6-fold at 750 mg kg−1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- 750 mg kg –1 of TiO 2 NPse0
- Outcome
- Phosphorus contents in rice rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.6-e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorus contents in rice roots, shoots, and grains were increased by 2.6-, 2.4-, and 1.3-fold, respectively, at 750 mg kg –1 of TiO 2 NPs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot phosphorus increased 2.4-fold at 750 mg kg−1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- 750 mg kg –1 of TiO 2 NPse0
- Outcome
- Phosphorus contents in rice roots, shoots, and grainse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.4-e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorus contents in rice roots, shoots, and grains were increased by 2.6-, 2.4-, and 1.3-fold, respectively, at 750 mg kg –1 of TiO 2 NPs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain phosphorus increased 1.3-fold at 750 mg kg−1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- 750 mg kg –1 of TiO 2 NPse0
- Outcome
- Phosphorus contents in rice roots, shoots, and grainse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1.3-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorus contents in rice roots, shoots, and grains were increased by 2.6-, 2.4-, and 1.3-fold, respectively, at 750 mg kg –1 of TiO 2 NPs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Amino acids, palmitic acid and glycerol increased in grains at the highest nanoparticle treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 750 mg kg –1 TiO 2 NPs-treated soile0
- Outcome
- amino acids, palmitic acid, and glycerol content in grainse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased levels of amino acids, palmitic acid, and glycerol content in grains resulting from plants grown in 750 mg kg –1 TiO 2 NPs-treated soil.”
t0“rice”
t1“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
No TiO2 nanoparticle translocation to rice grains was detected.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- no translocation of TiO 2 NPs from the treated soil to rice grains was detectede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no translocation of TiO 2 NPs from the treated soil to rice grains was detected”
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