Abstract
Irradiation is an effective treatment to sterilize and destroy insect pests on fresh fruit. It serves as an alternative to cold treatment and to fumigation which are time consuming and ozone depleting, respectively. In this study, the postharvest quality of Fuji apples was evaluated after irradiation at 400 Gy and 800 Gy. The quality of the apples which were stored at 1˚C for 7 days to mimic ground transportation and distribution and then at ambient temperature for another 7 days to mimic retail storage and consumer use, was assessed. Irradiation caused an immediate decrease in firmness by 12% at 400 Gy and by 38% at 800 Gy; this difference remained throughout storage. Electrolyte leakage was higher (P<0.05) in the 800 Gy apples as compared to control and 400 Gy and malondialdehyde content was higher at the end of day 15 for 800 Gy. Irradiation initially elevated respiration rate by 27% at 800 Gy and 15% at 400 Gy. During storage at cold temperature there was no significant difference between control and 400 Gy while 800 Gy continued to be significantly higher. In contrast, ethylene decreased by 29% at 800 Gy and 18% at 400 Gy one day after treatment. During storage at room temperature, ethylene levels increased significantly in the control and 400 Gy, and remained constant and significantly lower at 800 Gy. The increase in respiration rate was not reflected in quality parameters such as internal color, browning index, total soluble solids, sugar content, organic acids, titratable acidity, polyphenol oxidase, and total phenolics, none of which were affected by irradiation. Irradiation at 400 and 800 Gy did not affect postharvest quality of the Fuji apples and could be used as an alternative to fumigation or cold treatment.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
400 Gy irradiation immediately decreased apple firmness by 12%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irradiation caused an immediate decrease in firmness by 12% at 400 Gy and by 38% at 800 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
800 Gy irradiation immediately decreased apple firmness by 38%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irradiation caused an immediate decrease in firmness by 12% at 400 Gy and by 38% at 800 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
The firmness difference persisted throughout storage.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticat0 - Outcome
- this difference remained throughout storagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this difference remained throughout storage”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Electrolyte leakage was higher at 800 Gy than in controls and at 400 Gy.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- 800 Gye0
- Outcome
- Electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control and 400 Gye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Electrolyte leakage was higher (P<0.05) in the 800 Gy apples as compared to control and 400 Gy”
Claim · model-written summary
Malondialdehyde content was higher at day 15 after 800 Gy.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 800 Gye0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- end of day 15e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“malondialdehyde content was higher at the end of day 15 for 800 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
800 Gy initially raised respiration rate by 27%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irradiation initially elevated respiration rate by 27% at 800 Gy and 15% at 400 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
400 Gy initially raised respiration rate by 15%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irradiation initially elevated respiration rate by 27% at 800 Gy and 15% at 400 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold-stored apples at 400 Gy had no significant respiration-rate difference from controls.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 400 Gye0
- Outcome
- respiration ratee1
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During storage at cold temperature there was no significant difference between control and 400 Gy while 800 Gy continued to be significantly higher”
e1“Irradiation initially elevated respiration rate by 27% at 800 Gy and 15% at 400 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold-stored apples at 800 Gy retained a significantly higher respiration rate.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 800 Gye0
- Outcome
- respiration ratee1
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During storage at cold temperature there was no significant difference between control and 400 Gy while 800 Gy continued to be significantly higher”
e1“Irradiation initially elevated respiration rate by 27% at 800 Gy and 15% at 400 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
800 Gy reduced ethylene by 29% one day after irradiation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene decreased by 29% at 800 Gy and 18% at 400 Gy one day after treatment”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
400 Gy reduced ethylene by 18% one day after irradiation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene decreased by 29% at 800 Gy and 18% at 400 Gy one day after treatment”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
During room-temperature storage ethylene rose significantly in control apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- ethylene levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During storage at room temperature, ethylene levels increased significantly in the control and 400 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
During room-temperature storage ethylene rose significantly at 400 Gy.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 400 Gye0
- Outcome
- ethylene levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During storage at room temperature, ethylene levels increased significantly in the control and 400 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
During room-temperature storage ethylene remained constant and significantly lower at 800 Gy.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 800 Gye0
- Outcome
- ethylene levelse1
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“remained constant and significantly lower at 800 Gy”
e1“During storage at room temperature, ethylene levels increased significantly in the control and 400 Gy”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation did not affect apple internal color, browning index, or total soluble solids.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- irradiatione0
- Outcome
- internal color, browning index, total soluble solidse0
- Direction
- none of which were affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“internal color, browning index, total soluble solids, sugar content, organic acids, titratable acidity, polyphenol oxidase, and total phenolics, none of which were affected by irradiation”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation did not affect apple sugar content, organic acids, or titratable acidity.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- irradiatione0
- Outcome
- sugar content, organic acids, titratable aciditye0
- Direction
- none of which were affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“internal color, browning index, total soluble solids, sugar content, organic acids, titratable acidity, polyphenol oxidase, and total phenolics, none of which were affected by irradiation”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation did not affect polyphenol oxidase or total phenolics.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- irradiatione0
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidase, and total phenolicse0
- Direction
- none of which were affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“polyphenol oxidase, and total phenolics, none of which were affected by irradiation”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation at 400 and 800 Gy did not affect overall postharvest quality.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- 400 and 800 Gye0
- Outcome
- postharvest qualitye0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irradiation at 400 and 800 Gy did not affect postharvest quality of the Fuji apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation could substitute for fumigation or cold treatment.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- alternative to fumigation or cold treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“could be used as an alternative to fumigation or cold treatment”
t0“Apples”
The same questions in other papers
radiation · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ
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4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.