Abstract
Present study investigates the regulatory roles of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) in physiology, antioxidant defense systems and yield of wheat under different salt stress condition. The experiment was conducted with two varieties i.e. BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25 and ten salt stress treatments viz. control (without salt), SA (1 mMsalicylic acid), S50 (50 mMsalt stress), S50+SA (50 mMsalt stress with 1 mMSA), S100 (100 mMsalt stress), S100+SA (100 mMsalt stress with 1 mMSA), S150 (150 mMsalt stress), S150+SA (150 mMsalt stress with 1 mMSA), S200 (200 mMsalt stress) and S200+SA (200 mMsalt stress with 1 mMSA). Leaf relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll (chl) content reduced due to salt stress. The malondialdelyde (MDA) and H2O2 were increased under the stress condition. The ascorbate (AsA) content, reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG ratio were reduced by salt stresses (50, 100, 150 and 200 mM, respectively). But the glutathione disulfide (GSSG) amount increased with an increase in the all level of salinity. The ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and catalase (CAT) activities showed a significant reduction in response to salt stress but CAT increased only at 100 mM stress condition. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity increased significantly with severe salt stress (200 mM). But the activity of peroxidase (POD) was decreased with increasing salinity level. At harvest, salt stresses reduced the effective tiller hill-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index for both of varieties. However, number of non-effective tiller hill-1 significantly increased in response of salt stress. Exogenous 1 mM SA application with salt stress improved physiological parameters, yield and reduced oxidative damage in both cultivars whereBARI Gom 25 showed better tolerance. But, SA application could not improve physiological parameters and yield at extreme level of salt stress (200 mM).
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced leaf relative water content and chlorophyll content in wheat.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- Leaf relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll (chl) contente1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e1“Leaf relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll (chl) content reduced due to salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress increased malondialdehyde and H2O2 in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stress conditione2
- Outcome
- malondialdelyde (MDA) and H2O2e2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e2“The malondialdelyde (MDA) and H2O2 were increased under the stress condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced ascorbate content, reduced glutathione and GSH/GSSG ratio in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salt stressese3
- Outcome
- ascorbate (AsA) content, reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG ratioe3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e3“The ascorbate (AsA) content, reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG ratio were reduced by salt stresses”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased glutathione disulfide amount in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye4
- Outcome
- glutathione disulfide (GSSG) amounte4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e4“But the glutathione disulfide (GSSG) amount increased with an increase in the all level of salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress significantly reduced ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salt stresse5
- Outcome
- ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR)e5
- Direction
- reductione5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e5“ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and catalase (CAT) activities showed a significant reduction in response to salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase activity increased in wheat only at the 100 mM salt stress level.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stress conditione6
- Outcome
- CATe6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- only at 100 mM stress conditione6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e6“but CAT increased only at 100 mM stress condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe salt stress (200 mM) significantly increased glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase activity in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- severe salt stress (200 mM)e7
- Outcome
- glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activitye7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e7“The glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity increased significantly with severe salt stress (200 mM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Peroxidase activity decreased with increasing salinity level in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salinity levele1
- Outcome
- activity of peroxidase (POD)e1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e1“the activity of peroxidase (POD) was decreased with increasing salinity level”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced effective tillers, 1000-grain weight and grain yield in both wheat varieties.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25e2
- Treatment
- salt stressese1
- Outcome
- effective tiller hill-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yielde1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e1“salt stresses reduced the effective tiller hill-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index for both of varieties”
e2“two varieties i.e. BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced straw yield, biological yield and harvest index in both wheat varieties.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25e2
- Treatment
- salt stressese1
- Outcome
- straw yield, biological yield and harvest indexe1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e1“salt stresses reduced the effective tiller hill-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index for both of varieties”
e2“two varieties i.e. BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous 1 mM salicylic acid with salt stress improved physiological parameters and yield in both wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25e2
- Treatment
- Exogenous 1 mM SA application with salt stresse1
- Outcome
- physiological parameters, yielde1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e2“two varieties i.e. BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25”
e1“Exogenous 1 mM SA application with salt stress improved physiological parameters, yield and reduced oxidative damage in both cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous 1 mM salicylic acid with salt stress reduced oxidative damage in both wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25e2
- Treatment
- Exogenous 1 mM SA application with salt stresse1
- Outcome
- oxidative damagee1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e2“two varieties i.e. BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25”
e1“Exogenous 1 mM SA application with salt stress improved physiological parameters, yield and reduced oxidative damage in both cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
BARI Gom 25 showed better salt tolerance than the other variety.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BARI Gom 25e1
- Outcome
- tolerancee1
- Direction
- bettere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e1“whereBARI Gom 25 showed better tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid application could not improve physiological parameters and yield at the extreme 200 mM salt stress.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SA applicatione1
- Outcome
- physiological parameters and yielde1
- Direction
- could not improvee1
- Qualifier
- at extreme level of salt stress (200 mM)e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“of Wheat under Salinity”
e1“SA application could not improve physiological parameters and yield at extreme level of salt stress (200 mM)”
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