Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of polyphenolics and to evaluate their antioxidant activity during processing and storage. Low sugar jams were prepared under vacuum from two strawberry cultivars Elasanta and Marmolada, grown in conventional and organic cultivation in Croatia. fresh fruit and prepared jams were analyzed before and after storage. Differences between strawberries from organic vs. conventional cultivatiuon were investigated and the influence of cultivar on phenolics and antioxidant activity was studied, too. Compared to conventional cultivation, organic cultivation had effect on slightly higher levels of total phenolics, flavonoids and nonflavonoids. In spite of this, conventional strawberries showed higher antioxidant activity. Among fresh samples it is observed that cv. Elsanta contains higher amounts of total phenolics and flavonoids while cv. Marmolada contains higher amounts of nonflavonoids. During processing into jams, greater stability of total phenolics can not be considerably associated to influence of cultivation or cultivar. Flavonoids showed slightly higher stability than nonflavonoids without greater imact of cultivar and cultivation. Conventional jams showed slightly higher stability of anthocyanins while cultivar effects were not noticed. After 6 months storage, total phenolics were more stable in conventional jams. Influence of cultivar was perceived in amounts of nonflavonoids and anthocyanins and influence of cultivation was noticed in amounts of flavonoids. Antioxidant activity did not change markedly during processing neither during storage, so antioxidant activity of fresh atrawberries is comparable to their jams and both are certainly recommended as rich source in natural antioxidants.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Organically cultivated strawberries had slightly higher total phenolics, flavonoids and nonflavonoids than conventional fruit.
- Taxon
- Strawberries
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- organic cultivatione0
- Outcome
- total phenolics, flavonoids and nonflavonoidse0
- Direction
- slightly highere0
- Comparator
- conventional cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Compared to conventional cultivation, organic cultivation had effect on slightly higher levels of total phenolics, flavonoids and nonflavonoids”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional strawberries had higher antioxidant activity than organic strawberries.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- conventional cultivatione1
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- organic cultivatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“conventional strawberries showed higher antioxidant activity”
e1“Compared to conventional cultivation, organic cultivation”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh Elsanta fruit contained more total phenolics and flavonoids than Marmolada.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- cv. Elsantae0
- Outcome
- total phenolics and flavonoidse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- cv. Marmoladae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among fresh samples it is observed that cv. Elsanta contains higher amounts of total phenolics and flavonoids while cv. Marmolada contains higher amounts of nonflavonoids”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh Marmolada fruit contained more nonflavonoids than Elsanta.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- cv. Marmoladae0
- Outcome
- nonflavonoidse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- cv. Elsantae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among fresh samples it is observed that cv. Elsanta contains higher amounts of total phenolics and flavonoids while cv. Marmolada contains higher amounts of nonflavonoids”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenolic stability during jam processing was not considerably associated with cultivation or cultivar.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- processing into jamse0
- Outcome
- stability of total phenolicse0
- Direction
- can not be considerably associatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During processing into jams, greater stability of total phenolics can not be considerably associated to influence of cultivation or cultivar”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavonoids were slightly more stable during processing than nonflavonoids.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- Flavonoidse0
- Direction
- slightly higher stabilitye0
- Comparator
- nonflavonoidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flavonoids showed slightly higher stability than nonflavonoids”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar and cultivation had little impact on the relative stability of flavonoids and nonflavonoids.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- cultivatione0
- Outcome
- stabilitye0
- Direction
- without greater imacte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flavonoids showed slightly higher stability than nonflavonoids without greater imact of cultivar and cultivation”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventionally grown strawberry jams had slightly more stable anthocyanins.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Conventional jamse0
- Outcome
- stability of anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- slightly highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conventional jams showed slightly higher stability of anthocyanins”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar effects on anthocyanin stability were not noticed.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- cultivare0
- Outcome
- stability of anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- not noticede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conventional jams showed slightly higher stability of anthocyanins while cultivar effects were not noticed”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
After six months, total phenolics were more stable in conventional jams.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- conventional jamse0
- Outcome
- total phenolicse0
- Direction
- more stablee0
- Qualifier
- 6 months storagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 6 months storage, total phenolics were more stable in conventional jams”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar influenced the amounts of nonflavonoids and anthocyanins after storage.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- cultivare0
- Outcome
- amounts of nonflavonoids and anthocyaninse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Influence of cultivar was perceived in amounts of nonflavonoids and anthocyanins”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivation influenced flavonoid amounts after storage.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- cultivatione0
- Outcome
- amounts of flavonoidse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“influence of cultivation was noticed in amounts of flavonoids”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant activity changed little during processing.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- processinge0
- Outcome
- Antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- did not change markedlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant activity did not change markedly during processing neither during storage”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant activity changed little during storage.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- storagee0
- Outcome
- Antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- did not change markedlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant activity did not change markedly during processing neither during storage”
t0“Strawberries”
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See all 48 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.