Abstract
Abstract Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) allocation and assimilation are coupled processes, likely influencing C accumulation, N use efficiency and plant productivity in agro-ecosystems. However, dynamics and responses of these processes to management practices in semi-arid agro-ecosystems are poorly understood. A field-based 13 CO 2 and urea- 15 N pulse labelling experiment was conducted to track how C and N allocation and assimilation during canola growth from flowering to maturity were affected by short-term (2-year) tillage (T) and no-till (NT) with or without 100 kg urea-N ha −1 (T-0, T-100, NT-0, NT-100) on a Luvisol in an Australian semi-arid region. The T-100 caused greater (P < 0.05) belowground C allocation and higher (P < 0.05) translocation of soil N to shoots and seeds, compared to other treatments. Microbial N uptake was rapid and greatest in the fertilized ( cf . non-fertilized) treatments, followed by a rapid release of microbial immobilized N, thus increasing N availability for plant uptake. In contrast, management practices had insignificant impact on soil C and N stocks, aggregate stability, microbial biomass, and 13 C retention in aggregate-size fractions. In conclusion, tillage and N fertilization increased belowground C allocation and crop N uptake and yield, possibly via enhancing root–microbial interactions, with minimal impact on soil properties.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
T-100 increased belowground carbon allocation versus other treatments.
- Taxon
- canola
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napus var. napust0 - Treatment
- T-100e0
- Outcome
- belowground C allocatione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The T-100 caused greater (P < 0.05) belowground C allocation and higher (P < 0.05) translocation of soil N to shoots and seeds, compared to other treatments”
t0“canola”
Claim · model-written summary
T-100 increased soil nitrogen translocation to shoots and seeds versus other treatments.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Organ / stage
- shoots and seedse0
- Treatment
- T-100e0
- Outcome
- translocation of soil N to shoots and seedse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The T-100 caused greater (P < 0.05) belowground C allocation and higher (P < 0.05) translocation of soil N to shoots and seeds, compared to other treatments”
t0“canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized treatments had the greatest microbial nitrogen uptake, followed by release of immobilized nitrogen that increased plant nitrogen availability.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- fertilizede0
- Outcome
- Microbial N uptakee0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- non-fertilizede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Microbial N uptake was rapid and greatest in the fertilized ( cf . non-fertilized) treatments, followed by a rapid release of microbial immobilized N, thus increasing N availability for plant uptake.”
t0“canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization increased nitrogen availability for plant uptake after microbial nitrogen release.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Outcome
- N availability for plant uptakee0
- Qualifier
- rapid release of microbial immobilized Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by a rapid release of microbial immobilized N, thus increasing N availability for plant uptake”
t0“canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Management practices had insignificant effects on soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, aggregate stability, microbial biomass, and carbon retention in aggregates.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- management practicese0
- Outcome
- soil C and N stocks, aggregate stability, microbial biomass, and 13 C retention in aggregate-size fractionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“management practices had insignificant impact on soil C and N stocks, aggregate stability, microbial biomass, and 13 C retention in aggregate-size fractions”
t0“canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage and nitrogen fertilization increased crop yield.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- tillage and N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tillage and N fertilization increased belowground C allocation and crop N uptake and yield”
t0“canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage and nitrogen fertilization increased crop nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- tillage and N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- crop N uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tillage and N fertilization increased belowground C allocation and crop N uptake and yield”
t0“canola”
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