Abstract
Accumulation of heavy metals in the ecosystem and their toxic effects through food chain can cause serious ecological and health problems. In the present study, experiments were performed to understand how the addition of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles reduces the toxicity caused by Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in cucumber plants. Plant growth parameters, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes were measured in seedling samples treated with either metals or metals supplemented with Fe3O4 to demonstrate the reduction in metal-induced oxidative stress conferred by Fe3O4. Results showed that the toxic effect of metals on seedling growth parameters can be arranged in the rank order of inhibition as follows: Cu > Cd > Zn > Pb. Exposure to metals significantly decreased the seedlings growth, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidases (POD), while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly increased in cucumber seedlings. The reducing activity of nano-Fe3O4 against heavy metals stresses was confirmed in this study by the decrease in MDA content. The correlation between the decrease of MDA concentration and the increase in SOD and POD activities in the presence of nano-Fe3O4 suggest that the MDA reduction in the tested seedlings can result from the increased enzyme activity.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The inhibitory rank of metals on cucumber seedling growth was Cu > Cd > Zn > Pb.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- metalse1
- Outcome
- seedling growth parameterse1
- Qualifier
- Cu > Cd > Zn > Pbe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cucumber plants”
e1“the toxic effect of metals on seedling growth parameters can be arranged in the rank order of inhibition as follows: Cu > Cd > Zn > Pb.”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal exposure significantly decreased cucumber seedling growth.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- metalse0
- Outcome
- seedlings growthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to metals significantly decreased the seedlings growth”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal exposure significantly decreased cucumber seedling SOD activity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- metalse0
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to metals significantly decreased the seedlings growth, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidases (POD)”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal exposure significantly decreased cucumber seedling POD activity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- metalse0
- Outcome
- peroxidases (POD)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to metals significantly decreased the seedlings growth, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidases (POD)”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal exposure significantly increased cucumber seedling MDA content.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- metalse1
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly increased in cucumber seedlings.”
e1“Exposure to metals”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Fe3O4 reduced MDA content in metal-stressed cucumber seedlings.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- nano-Fe3O4e0
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reducing activity of nano-Fe3O4 against heavy metals stresses was confirmed in this study by the decrease in MDA content.”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower MDA concentration correlated with higher SOD and POD activities in the presence of nano-Fe3O4.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- nano-Fe3O4e0
- Outcome
- MDA concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- increase in SOD and POD activitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The correlation between the decrease of MDA concentration and the increase in SOD and POD activities in the presence of nano-Fe3O4”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that higher SOD and POD activities may explain lower MDA in nano-Fe3O4-treated cucumber seedlings.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse2
- Treatment
- nano-Fe3O4e1
- Outcome
- MDA reductione0
- Qualifier
- increased enzyme activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the MDA reduction in the tested seedlings can result from the increased enzyme activity.”
e1“increase in SOD and POD activities in the presence of nano-Fe3O4”
e2“cucumber seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
nanoparticle · physiology: oxidative · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.