Abstract
Plants generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the apoplast in response to pathogen attack, especially following resistance (R) gene-mediated pathogen recognition; however, the mechanisms activating ROS generation remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that RKN (Meloidogyne incognita) infection rapidly induces ROS accumulation in the roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants that contain the R gene Mi-1.2 but rarely induces ROS accumulation in the susceptible or Mi-1.2-silenced resistant genotypes. RNK also induces the hypersensitive response, a form of programmed cell death, in Mi-1.2 plants. RKN induces the expression of numerous class-A heat shock factor (HsfA) genes in resistant tomato plants. Silencing HsfA1a compromises Mi-1.2-mediated resistance, apoplastic H2O2 accumulation, and the transcription of whitefly induced 1 (Wfi1), which encodes a respiratory burst oxidase homolog. HsfA1a regulates Wfi1 transcription by binding to the Wfi1 promoter, and silencing of Wfi1 compromises Mi-1.2-mediated resistance. HsfA1a and Wfi1 are involved in Mi-1.2-triggered Hsp90 accumulation and basal defense in susceptible tomato. Thus, HsfA–1aWfi1-dependent ROS signaling functions as a crucial regulator of plant defense responses.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Root-knot nematode infection rapidly induced root ROS in tomato plants with Mi-1.2, rarely in susceptible or silenced plants.
- Taxon
- tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pathogen - Gene
- Mi-1.2e0
- Outcome
- ROS accumulatione0
- Direction
- inducese0
- Comparator
- susceptible or Mi-1.2-silenced resistant genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“RKN (Meloidogyne incognita) infection rapidly induces ROS accumulation in the roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants that contain the R gene Mi-1.2 but rarely induces ROS accumulation in the susceptible or Mi-1.2-silenced resistant genotypes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-knot nematode infection induced a hypersensitive response in Mi-1.2 tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- RNKe0pathogen
- Gene
- Mi-1.2e0
- Outcome
- hypersensitive responsee0
- Direction
- inducese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RNK also induces the hypersensitive response, a form of programmed cell death, in Mi-1.2 plants.”
t0“roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-knot nematodes induced expression of numerous class-A heat shock factor genes in resistant tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- RKNe0pathogen
- Gene
- class-A heat shock factor (HsfA) genese0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- inducese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RKN induces the expression of numerous class-A heat shock factor (HsfA) genes in resistant tomato plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
HsfA1a silencing compromised Mi-1.2 resistance, apoplastic H2O2 and Wfi1 transcription.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Silencing HsfA1ae0
- Gene
- HsfA1ae0
- Outcome
- Mi-1.2-mediated resistance, apoplastic H2O2 accumulation, and the transcription of whitefly induced 1 (Wfi1)e0
- Direction
- compromisese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing HsfA1a compromises Mi-1.2-mediated resistance, apoplastic H2O2 accumulation, and the transcription of whitefly induced 1 (Wfi1), which encodes a respiratory burst oxidase homolog.”
t0“roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
HsfA1a bound the Wfi1 promoter to regulate Wfi1 transcription.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- HsfA1ae0
- Outcome
- Wfi1 transcriptione0
- Qualifier
- binding to the Wfi1 promotere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HsfA1a regulates Wfi1 transcription by binding to the Wfi1 promoter”
t0“roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Wfi1 silencing compromised Mi-1.2-mediated resistance.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of Wfi1e0
- Gene
- Wfi1e0
- Outcome
- Mi-1.2-mediated resistancee0
- Direction
- compromisese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing of Wfi1 compromises Mi-1.2-mediated resistance.”
t0“roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
HsfA1a and Wfi1 were involved in Mi-1.2-triggered Hsp90 accumulation and basal defense.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- HsfA1a and Wfi1e0
- Outcome
- Mi-1.2-triggered Hsp90 accumulation and basal defensee0
- Qualifier
- susceptiblee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HsfA1a and Wfi1 are involved in Mi-1.2-triggered Hsp90 accumulation and basal defense in susceptible tomato.”
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