Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and PDI-like genes encode key foldase enzymes that play an important role in disulfide bond formation, isomerization, and many other metabolic functions in plants. Our previous results indicate that the PDI-V expression is tissue-specific and that it is upregulated by powdery mildew and other abiotic stress treatments. In the current study, the complete PDI-V gene and its promoter sequence were cloned to identify gene structure and the important cis-regulating motifs responsible for various genes' activities. Sequence analysis revealed the size of the cloned genomic sequence and promoter region as 5728 bp and 2086 bp, respectively. The PDI-V gene had nine exons and eight introns; this showed a highly conserved gene structure with that of wheat TaPDIL-5 in terms of exon size and number of exons/introns. The phylogenetic analysis of PDI-V with orthologue sequences from the A, B, and D genome of wheat, barley, and rice clearly demonstrated that the gene was highly conserved across the grass family. In silico analysis of the PDI-V promoter revealed a large number of elements responsible for endosperm or embryo specific expression, and for defense or stress responses against pathogens including fungi and other abiotic stresses such as high or low temperature and drought. Transient expression of the GUS gene in wheat leaf epidermal cells under the control of PDI-V promoter proved its functionality. However, no significant variation was observed in the number of epidermal cells having GUS activity between powdery mildew inoculated and noninoculated wheat leaves, which suggests that the 5'-untranslated region may also play a critical role in promoter activity. This point requires further exploration.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The cloned genomic sequence of the PDI-V gene is 5728 bp long.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosa
Dasypyrum villosumt0 - Gene
- PDI-Ve0
- Outcome
- size of the cloned genomic sequencee1
- Value
- 5728 bpe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e0“the complete PDI-V gene and its promoter sequence were cloned”
e1“Sequence analysis revealed the size of the cloned genomic sequence and promoter region as 5728 bp and 2086 bp, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The cloned PDI-V promoter region is 2086 bp long.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosaDasypyrum villosumt0
- Gene
- PDI-Ve0
- Outcome
- promoter regione1
- Value
- 2086 bpe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e0“the complete PDI-V gene and its promoter sequence were cloned”
e1“Sequence analysis revealed the size of the cloned genomic sequence and promoter region as 5728 bp and 2086 bp, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The PDI-V gene has nine exons and eight introns.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosaDasypyrum villosumt0
- Gene
- PDI-Ve2
- Outcome
- gene structuree2
- Value
- nine exons and eight intronse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e2“The PDI-V gene had nine exons and eight introns; this showed a highly conserved gene structure with that of wheat TaPDIL-5 in terms of exon size and number of exons/introns”
Claim · model-written summary
The PDI-V gene structure is highly conserved with that of wheat TaPDIL-5 in exon size and number.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosaDasypyrum villosumt0
- Outcome
- gene structuree2
- Qualifier
- highly conserved gene structure with that of wheat TaPDIL-5e2
- Comparator
- wheat TaPDIL-5e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e2“The PDI-V gene had nine exons and eight introns; this showed a highly conserved gene structure with that of wheat TaPDIL-5 in terms of exon size and number of exons/introns”
Claim · model-written summary
PDI-V is highly conserved across the grass family.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosaDasypyrum villosumt0
- Gene
- PDI-Ve4
- Outcome
- highly conserved across the grass familye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e4“The phylogenetic analysis of PDI-V with orthologue sequences from the A, B, and D genome of wheat, barley, and rice clearly demonstrated that the gene was highly conserved across the grass family”
Claim · model-written summary
In silico analysis of the PDI-V promoter found elements responsible for endosperm or embryo specific expression.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosaDasypyrum villosumt0
- Gene
- PDI-V promotere5
- Outcome
- elements responsible for endosperm or embryo specific expressione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e5“In silico analysis of the PDI-V promoter revealed a large number of elements responsible for endosperm or embryo specific expression, and for defense or stress responses against pathogens including fungi and other abiotic stresses such as high or low temperature and drought”
Claim · model-written summary
In silico analysis of the PDI-V promoter found elements for defense or stress responses against pathogens including fungi.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosaDasypyrum villosumt0
- Gene
- PDI-V promotere5
- Outcome
- defense or stress responses against pathogens including fungie5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e5“In silico analysis of the PDI-V promoter revealed a large number of elements responsible for endosperm or embryo specific expression, and for defense or stress responses against pathogens including fungi and other abiotic stresses such as high or low temperature and drought”
Claim · model-written summary
The PDI-V promoter drives GUS expression in wheat leaf epidermal cells, showing it is functional.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosaDasypyrum villosumt0
- Organ / stage
- wheat leaf epidermal cellse6
- Gene
- PDI-V promotere6
- Outcome
- its functionalitye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e6“Transient expression of the GUS gene in wheat leaf epidermal cells under the control of PDI-V promoter proved its functionality”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew inoculation did not significantly change the number of epidermal cells with GUS activity in wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosaDasypyrum villosumt0
- Treatment
- powdery mildew inoculatede7
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe7pathogen
- Outcome
- number of epidermal cells having GUS activitye7
- Direction
- no significant variatione7
- Comparator
- noninoculated wheat leavese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e7“However, no significant variation was observed in the number of epidermal cells having GUS activity between powdery mildew inoculated and noninoculated wheat leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
The 5-prime untranslated region may play a critical role in PDI-V promoter activity.
- Taxon
- Haynaldia villosaDasypyrum villosumt0
- Outcome
- promoter activitye1
- Qualifier
- 5'-untranslated regione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“from Haynaldia villosa”
e1“the 5'-untranslated region may also play a critical role in promoter activity”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · molecular: expression · Dasypyrum villosumPositive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.