Abstract
Abstract Tomato is an important crop worldwide. Cadmium (Cd) concentrations in fruits depend on tomato genotype. This work aimed to study the relation among Cd accumulation, tolerance mechanisms, and fruit features in two tomato cultivars with contrasting tolerance to Cd stress. Tolerant (Yoshimatsu) and sensitive (Tropic Two Orders) plants were grown in control and contaminated soils (0.04 and 3.77 mg/kg Cd, respectively) from the seedling stage to fruit production. Both cultivars were able to acclimatize to Cd exposure, probably through mechanisms associated with reductions in the magnesium status. Cadmium concentrations varied according to the following descending order: roots = leaf blades > (peduncle + sepals) > stem = fruits. However, the tolerant cultivar accumulated more Cd than did the sensitive one. Although Cd reached the fruits from the first to the fourth bunches, peduncle and sepals may act as a barrier to Cd entrance in tomato pulp and peel. The Cd‐induced changes in the fruit mineral profile varied according to plant cultivar, organ, tomato tissue, and bunch position. Moreover, plant yield was not affected by the Cd stress, which was able to improve fruit size and weight in the tolerant cultivar. In conclusion, new insights about the Cd‐induced effects on tomato development and fruit attributes were provided by growing plants in soil, which is the media generally used to cultivate this crop, rather than hydroponics. It was shown that tomato cultivars with contrasting tolerance to Cd toxicity can reach sexual maturity and produce fruits with no yield losses, despite impacts on development from long‐term Cd exposure. This study also revealed the role of floral receptacle and its related structures in limiting, even partially, Cd translocation to the fruits. Furthermore, Yoshimatsu's capacity to produce bigger and heavier fruits, in plants under Cd exposure, may probably be associated with enhanced Cd accumulation.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Both tomato cultivars acclimatized to Cd exposure.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Cd exposuree1
- Outcome
- acclimatize to Cd exposuree1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e1“Both cultivars were able to acclimatize to Cd exposure, probably through mechanisms associated with reductions in the magnesium status”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd acclimatization of tomato may be associated with reductions in magnesium status.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- acclimatize to Cd exposuree1
- Qualifier
- reductions in the magnesium statuse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e1“Both cultivars were able to acclimatize to Cd exposure, probably through mechanisms associated with reductions in the magnesium status”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium concentrations in tomato organs followed the descending order roots = leaf blades > (peduncle + sepals) > stem = fruits.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- Cadmium concentrationse2
- Qualifier
- roots = leaf blades > (peduncle + sepals) > stem = fruitse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e2“Cadmium concentrations varied according to the following descending order: roots = leaf blades > (peduncle + sepals) > stem = fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
The tolerant tomato cultivar accumulated more Cd than the sensitive one.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- tolerant cultivare3
- Outcome
- accumulatede3
- Direction
- moree3
- Comparator
- sensitive onee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e3“the tolerant cultivar accumulated more Cd than did the sensitive one”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd reached tomato fruits from the first to the fourth bunch.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- Cd reached the fruitse4
- Qualifier
- from the first to the fourth bunchese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e4“Although Cd reached the fruits from the first to the fourth bunches, peduncle and sepals may act as a barrier to Cd entrance in tomato pulp and peel”
Claim · model-written summary
Peduncle and sepals may act as a barrier to Cd entrance in tomato pulp and peel.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- peduncle and sepalse4
- Outcome
- Cd entrance in tomato pulp and peele4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e4“Although Cd reached the fruits from the first to the fourth bunches, peduncle and sepals may act as a barrier to Cd entrance in tomato pulp and peel”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd-induced changes in the fruit mineral profile varied by cultivar, organ, tissue and bunch position.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- changes in the fruit mineral profilee5
- Qualifier
- varied according to plant cultivar, organ, tomato tissue, and bunch positione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e5“changes in the fruit mineral profile varied according to plant cultivar, organ, tomato tissue, and bunch position”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant yield of tomato was not affected by Cd stress.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Cd stresse6
- Outcome
- plant yielde6
- Direction
- not affectede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e6“plant yield was not affected by the Cd stress, which was able to improve fruit size and weight in the tolerant cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd stress improved fruit size and weight in the tolerant tomato cultivar.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- tolerant cultivare6
- Treatment
- Cd stresse6
- Outcome
- fruit size and weighte6
- Direction
- improvee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e6“plant yield was not affected by the Cd stress, which was able to improve fruit size and weight in the tolerant cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Bigger and heavier fruits of the Yoshimatsu tomato cultivar may be associated with enhanced Cd accumulation.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- Yoshimatsue7
- Outcome
- bigger and heavier fruitse7
- Qualifier
- enhanced Cd accumulatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e7“Yoshimatsu's capacity to produce bigger and heavier fruits, in plants under Cd exposure, may probably be associated with enhanced Cd accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato cultivars with contrasting Cd tolerance reach sexual maturity and produce fruits with no yield losses under Cd exposure.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Outcome
- reach sexual maturitye7
- Qualifier
- produce fruits with no yield lossese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e7“tomato cultivars with contrasting tolerance to Cd toxicity can reach sexual maturity and produce fruits with no yield losses”
Claim · model-written summary
The floral receptacle and related structures may limit Cd translocation to the fruits.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- floral receptaclee7
- Outcome
- Cd translocation to the fruitse7
- Direction
- limitinge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato is an important crop worldwide”
e7“This study also revealed the role of floral receptacle and its related structures in limiting, even partially, Cd translocation to the fruits”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →heavy metal · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.