Abstract
Different pathogenic fungi (e.g. Penicillium spp., Monilinia fructigena, Venturia inaequalis, Glomerella cingulata, Diaporthe eres etc.) can cause apple rot by producing pectic enzymes that break down apple pectin to expose the nutrients of the cells to the fungi. This study aimed to identify the pathogens that lead to the degradation of apples from five different varieties (‘Granny Smith’, ‘Topaz’, ‘Imperial Gala’, ‘Jonagold’ and ‘Golden Reinders’) and also the incidence of those pathogens under different treatment conditions. The results reveal different frequent attacks on distinct varieties ranging from 5 to over 50%. Of the pathogens that infect and occur in vegetation and deposit it can be seen that Venturia inaequalis has been identified in all varieties in most test variants. The highest frequency was recorded in the variant where during the vegetation period no treatments with fungicides against apple diseases were applied. Of the pathogens that infected and appeared during storage, isolated on the fruits, only Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. had a higher frequency. Applying treatments during the growing season reduced the rotting attack degree of apple fruits during storage. The best response to rot attack in the warehouse was ‘Topaz’ and ‘Jonagold’, the attack degree ranged between 0.3 and 10% on treated variants. By applying chemical treatments, the spectrum and the share of pathogens that lead to fruit degradation is different. This means that chemical treatments must be chosen depending on the nature of the pathogens and the apple variety.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Apple fruit attacks ranged from 5 to over 50% depending on variety.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Outcome
- frequent attackse1
- Value
- 5 to over 50%e1
- Qualifier
- on distinct varietiese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results reveal different frequent attacks on distinct varieties ranging from 5 to over 50%”
t0“Apple Fruit Decay During Storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Venturia inaequalis was identified in all apple varieties in most test variants.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- Venturia inaequalis
Venturia inaequalise2pathogen - Outcome
- identifiede2
- Qualifier
- in most test variantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Venturia inaequalis has been identified in all varieties in most test variants”
t0“Apple Fruit Decay During Storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Venturia inaequalis frequency was highest in the apple variant with no fungicide treatment during the growing season.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- no treatments with fungicides against apple diseasese3
- Interactor
- Venturia inaequalisVenturia inaequalise2pathogen
- Outcome
- frequencye3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Venturia inaequalis has been identified in all varieties in most test variants”
e3“The highest frequency was recorded in the variant where during the vegetation period no treatments with fungicides against apple diseases were applied”
t0“Apple Fruit Decay During Storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. were the only storage pathogens with a higher frequency on apple fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Second interactor
- Penicillium spp.
Penicilliume4pathogen - Outcome
- frequencye4
- Direction
- highere4
FusariumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“only Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. had a higher frequency”
t0“Apple Fruit Decay During Storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying treatments during the growing season reduced the rotting attack degree of apple fruit during storage.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae5
- Organ / stage
- fruitse5
- Treatment
- Applying treatments during the growing seasone5
- Outcome
- rotting attack degreee5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Applying treatments during the growing season reduced the rotting attack degree of apple fruits during storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Topaz and Jonagold had the best response to rot attack in the warehouse.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- ‘Topaz’ and ‘Jonagold’e6
- Outcome
- best response to rot attacke6
- Direction
- beste6
- Setting
- warehousee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The best response to rot attack in the warehouse was ‘Topaz’ and ‘Jonagold’”
t0“Apple Fruit Decay During Storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Rot attack degree on treated Topaz and Jonagold apples ranged between 0.3 and 10%.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- ‘Topaz’ and ‘Jonagold’e6
- Outcome
- attack degreee6
- Value
- 0.3 and 10%e6
- Qualifier
- on treated variantse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The best response to rot attack in the warehouse was ‘Topaz’ and ‘Jonagold’, the attack degree ranged between 0.3 and 10% on treated variants”
t0“Apple Fruit Decay During Storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical treatments changed the spectrum and share of pathogens causing apple fruit degradation.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- chemical treatmentse7
- Outcome
- the spectrum and the share of pathogense7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“By applying chemical treatments, the spectrum and the share of pathogens that lead to fruit degradation is different”
t0“Apple Fruit Decay During Storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical treatments should be chosen according to the pathogens and the apple variety.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- chemical treatments must be chosene0
- Qualifier
- depending on the nature of the pathogens and the apple varietye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This means that chemical treatments must be chosen depending on the nature of the pathogens and the apple variety”
The same questions in other papers
climate site · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.