Abstract
Core Ideas Rhizobium inoculation is effective in increasing soybean yields with little financial cost. Grain legumes respond significantly to P‐fertilizer application in the savanna agro‐ecological zone of Ghana. Promiscuous soybean responds well to inoculation in the savanna agro‐ecological zone of Ghana. A significant number of smallholder farmers could benefit from application of rhizobium inoculants to soybean, both agronomically and economically. Grain legumes (cowpea, peanut, and soybean) play important roles in household food and income security in smallholder farming systems in the Guinea Savanna agro‐ecological zones of Ghana. However, yields are low, rarely exceeding 600 kg ha −1 , prompting the need to evaluate responses of grain legumes to P fertilizer applications for two seasons. Conducting P studies is critical to help farmers adopt economic‐based recommendations. Treatments evaluated in 2015 for the three crops were (i) farmers’ practice (no input and planted by farmer); (ii) control (no input and planted by researcher), and (iii) triple super phosphate (TSP) fertilizer. However, for soybean, an additional two treatments (inoculant only and inoculant plus TSP fertilizer) were included. In 2016, the treatments were the same, except on‐farm demonstrations were not conducted on cowpea. The demonstrations were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with each demonstration representing a replicate within a region. On average, P‐fertilizer application increased yields by 296; 527, and 390 kg ha −1 for cowpea, peanut, and soybean grains, respectively. On average over the two seasons, P‐fertilizer increased yield by 9.85; 13.00, and 17.56 per kg ha −1 kg −1 P applied for cowpea, soybean, and peanut, respectively, and these applications were cost effective. Peanut showed little response to P in the Upper East Region compared with a greater response in the Northern and Upper West Regions, suggesting that benefits from P‐fertilizer for peanut may be location‐specific. On average, rhizobium inoculation increased grain yield by 157 kg ha −1 across the three regions and significantly positive effects of inoculation were observed in both seasons. Our results show that substantial increases in grain legume yield may be achieved by applying P fertilizers, but farmers cannot afford them because of their relatively high cost. Planting adapted and improved varieties and using rhizobium inoculants may provide the most economically viable and low risk options for increasing yields of grain legumes in the savanna agro‐ecological zones of Ghana
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus fertilizer increased cowpea grain yield by 296 kg ha −1 on average.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- P‐fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 296e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P‐fertilizer application increased yields by 296; 527, and 390 kg ha −1 for cowpea, peanut, and soybean grains, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus fertilizer increased peanut grain yield by 527 kg ha −1 on average.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- P‐fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 527e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P‐fertilizer application increased yields by 296; 527, and 390 kg ha −1 for cowpea, peanut, and soybean grains, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus fertilizer increased soybean grain yield by 390 kg ha −1 on average.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- P‐fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 390 kg ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P‐fertilizer application increased yields by 296; 527, and 390 kg ha −1 for cowpea, peanut, and soybean grains, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Across two seasons, phosphorus fertilizer increased cowpea yield by 9.85 per kg ha −1 kg −1 P applied.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P‐fertilizer increased yield by 9.85; 13.00, and 17.56 per kg ha −1 kg −1 P applied for cowpea, soybean, and peanut, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Across two seasons, phosphorus fertilizer increased soybean yield by 13.00 per kg ha −1 kg −1 P applied.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P‐fertilizer increased yield by 9.85; 13.00, and 17.56 per kg ha −1 kg −1 P applied for cowpea, soybean, and peanut, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Across two seasons, phosphorus fertilizer increased peanut yield by 17.56 per kg ha −1 kg −1 P applied.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- P‐fertilizere0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 17.56 per kg ha −1 kg −1 P appliede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P‐fertilizer increased yield by 9.85; 13.00, and 17.56 per kg ha −1 kg −1 P applied for cowpea, soybean, and peanut, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus fertilizer applications were cost effective for the grain legumes.
Verbatim
e0“these applications were cost effective”
t0“Grain Legumes”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut responded less to phosphorus in the Upper East Region than in the Northern and Upper West Regions.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- response to Pe0
- Direction
- little responsee0
- Comparator
- Northern and Upper West Regionse0
- Setting
- Upper East Regione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut showed little response to P in the Upper East Region compared with a greater response in the Northern and Upper West Regions”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium inoculation increased soybean grain yield by 157 kg ha −1 on average across the three regions.
- Taxon
- Grain Legumest0
- Treatment
- rhizobium inoculatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 157 kg ha −1e0
RhizobiumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rhizobium inoculation increased grain yield by 157 kg ha −1 across the three regions”
t0“Grain Legumes”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation had significantly positive effects in both seasons.
Verbatim
e0“significantly positive effects of inoculation were observed in both seasons”
t0“Grain Legumes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend adapted and improved varieties and rhizobium inoculants as economically viable, low risk ways to increase grain legume yields.
Verbatim
e0“Planting adapted and improved varieties and using rhizobium inoculants may provide the most economically viable and low risk options for increasing yields of grain legumes”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ
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See all 355 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.