Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) in plants genetically prevents self-fertilization to promote outcrossing and genetic diversity. Its hybrids in Brassica have been widely cultivated due to the propagation of SI lines by spraying a salt solution. We demonstrated that suppression of Brassica napus SI from edible salt solution treatment was ascribed to sodium chloride and independent of S haplotypes, but it did not obviously change the expression of SI-related genes. Using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique, we identified 885 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) in Brassica napus stigmas of un-pollinated (UP), pollinated with compatible pollen (PC), pollinated with incompatible pollen (PI), and pollinated with incompatible pollen after edible salt solution treatment (NA). Of the 307 DAPs in NA/UP, 134 were unique and 94 were shared only with PC/UP. In PC and NA, some salt stress protein species, such as glyoxalase I, were induced, and these protein species were likely to participate in the self-compatibility (SC) pathway. Most of the identified protein species were related to metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, ribosome, and so on. A systematic analysis implied that salt treatment-overcoming SI in B. napus was likely conferred by at least five different physiological mechanisms: (i) the use of Ca2+ as signal molecule; (ii) loosening of the cell wall to allow pollen tube penetration; (iii) synthesis of compatibility factor protein species for pollen tube growth; (iv) depolymerization of microtubule networks to facilitate pollen tube movement; and (v) inhibition of protein degradation pathways to restrain the SI response.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium chloride caused salt suppression of self-incompatibility.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse0 - Treatment
- edible salt solution treatmente0
- Compound
- sodium chloridee0
- Outcome
- suppression of Brassica napus SIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“suppression of Brassica napus SI from edible salt solution treatment was ascribed to sodium chloride”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-induced suppression of self-incompatibility was independent of S haplotypes.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napuse0
- Gene
- S haplotypese0
- Outcome
- suppression of Brassica napus SIe0
- Direction
- independente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of Brassica napus SI from edible salt solution treatment was ascribed to sodium chloride and independent of S haplotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt treatment did not obviously change SI-related gene expression.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- edible salt solution treatmente1
- Gene
- SI-related genese0
- Outcome
- expression of SI-related genese0
- Direction
- did not obviously changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“it did not obviously change the expression of SI-related genes”
e1“suppression of Brassica napus SI from edible salt solution treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Proteomic analysis found 885 differentially accumulated proteins across stigma pollination and salt treatments.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napuse0
- Organ / stage
- stigmase0
- Outcome
- differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs)e0
- Value
- 885e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we identified 885 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) in Brassica napus stigmas of un-pollinated (UP), pollinated with compatible pollen (PC), pollinated with incompatible pollen (PI), and pollinated with incompatible pollen after edible salt solution treatment (NA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Of 307 NA/UP differentially accumulated proteins, 134 were unique.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Outcome
- DAPs in NA/UP, 134 were uniquee0
- Value
- 134e0
- Qualifier
- 307 DAPse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“Of the 307 DAPs in NA/UP, 134 were unique”
Claim · model-written summary
Of 307 NA/UP differentially accumulated proteins, 94 were shared only with PC/UP.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Outcome
- 94 were shared only with PC/UPe0
- Value
- 94e0
- Qualifier
- 307 DAPs in NA/UPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“Of the 307 DAPs in NA/UP, 134 were unique and 94 were shared only with PC/UP”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress proteins such as glyoxalase I were induced in PC and NA stigmas.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Gene
- glyoxalase Ie0
- Outcome
- salt stress protein species, such as glyoxalase I, were inducede0
- Direction
- inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“In PC and NA, some salt stress protein species, such as glyoxalase I, were induced”
Claim · model-written summary
The induced salt stress proteins were proposed to participate in self-compatibility.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Gene
- glyoxalase Ie1
- Outcome
- self-compatibility (SC) pathwaye0
- Qualifier
- likely to participatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“these protein species were likely to participate in the self-compatibility (SC) pathway”
e1“some salt stress protein species, such as glyoxalase I”
Claim · model-written summary
Most identified proteins were linked to metabolic pathways, secondary metabolite biosynthesis and ribosomes.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Outcome
- related to metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, ribosomee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“Most of the identified protein species were related to metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, ribosome, and so on”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium signaling was proposed as one mechanism of salt-induced self-compatibility.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Compound
- Ca2+e0
- Outcome
- salt treatment-overcoming SIe1
- Qualifier
- use of Ca2+ as signal moleculee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“the use of Ca2+ as signal molecule”
e1“salt treatment-overcoming SI in B. napus was likely conferred by at least five different physiological mechanisms”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell-wall loosening to permit pollen tube penetration was proposed as a mechanism.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Outcome
- salt treatment-overcoming SIe1
- Qualifier
- loosening of the cell wall to allow pollen tube penetratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“loosening of the cell wall to allow pollen tube penetration”
e1“salt treatment-overcoming SI in B. napus was likely conferred by at least five different physiological mechanisms”
Claim · model-written summary
Synthesis of compatibility factor proteins for pollen tube growth was proposed as a mechanism.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Outcome
- salt treatment-overcoming SIe1
- Qualifier
- synthesis of compatibility factor protein species for pollen tube growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“synthesis of compatibility factor protein species for pollen tube growth”
e1“salt treatment-overcoming SI in B. napus was likely conferred by at least five different physiological mechanisms”
Claim · model-written summary
Microtubule depolymerization to facilitate pollen tube movement was proposed as a mechanism.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Outcome
- salt treatment-overcoming SIe1
- Qualifier
- depolymerization of microtubule networks to facilitate pollen tube movemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“depolymerization of microtubule networks to facilitate pollen tube movement”
e1“salt treatment-overcoming SI in B. napus was likely conferred by at least five different physiological mechanisms”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of protein degradation to restrain SI response was proposed as a mechanism.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Outcome
- salt treatment-overcoming SIe1
- Qualifier
- inhibition of protein degradation pathways to restrain the SI responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“inhibition of protein degradation pathways to restrain the SI response”
e1“salt treatment-overcoming SI in B. napus was likely conferred by at least five different physiological mechanisms”
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