Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) can induce plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses through cross talk with other signaling molecules, whereas the interaction between hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and abscisic acid (ABA)in response to SA signal is far from clear. Here, we focused on the roles and interactions of H2O2 and ABA in SA-induced freezing tolerance in wheat plants. Exogenous SA pretreatment significantly induced freezing tolerance of wheat via maintaining relatively higher dark-adapted maximum photosystem II quantum yield, electron transport rates, less cell membrane damage. Exogenous SA induced the accumulation of endogenous H2O2 and ABA. Endogenous H2O2 accumulation in the apoplast was triggered by both cell wall peroxidase and membrane-linked NADPH oxidase. The pharmacological study indicated that pretreatment with dimethylthiourea (H2O2 scavenger) completely abolished SA-induced freezing tolerance and ABA synthesis, while pretreatment with fluridone (ABA biosynthesis inhibitor) reduced H2O2 accumulation by inhibiting NADPH oxidase encoding genes expression and partially counteracted SA-induced freezing tolerance. These findings demonstrate that endogenous H2O2 and ABA signaling may form a positive feedback loop to mediate SA-induced freezing tolerance in wheat.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
SA pretreatment significantly induced freezing tolerance in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Exogenous SA pretreatmente0
- Outcome
- freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous SA pretreatment significantly induced freezing tolerance of wheat via maintaining relatively higher dark-adapted maximum photosystem II quantum yield, electron transport rates, less cell membrane damage.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SA pretreatment maintained relatively higher dark-adapted maximum photosystem II quantum yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Exogenous SA pretreatmente0
- Outcome
- dark-adapted maximum photosystem II quantum yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous SA pretreatment significantly induced freezing tolerance of wheat via maintaining relatively higher dark-adapted maximum photosystem II quantum yield, electron transport rates, less cell membrane damage.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SA pretreatment maintained relatively higher electron transport rates.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Exogenous SA pretreatmente0
- Outcome
- electron transport ratese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous SA pretreatment significantly induced freezing tolerance of wheat via maintaining relatively higher dark-adapted maximum photosystem II quantum yield, electron transport rates, less cell membrane damage.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SA pretreatment was associated with less cell membrane damage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Exogenous SA pretreatmente0
- Outcome
- cell membrane damagee0
- Direction
- lesse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous SA pretreatment significantly induced freezing tolerance of wheat via maintaining relatively higher dark-adapted maximum photosystem II quantum yield, electron transport rates, less cell membrane damage.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous SA induced endogenous H2O2 accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Exogenous SAe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of endogenous H2O2 and ABAe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous SA induced the accumulation of endogenous H2O2 and ABA.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous SA induced endogenous ABA accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Exogenous SAe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of endogenous H2O2 and ABAe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous SA induced the accumulation of endogenous H2O2 and ABA.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
cell wall peroxidase triggered apoplastic endogenous H2O2 accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- cell wall peroxidasee0
- Outcome
- Endogenous H2O2 accumulation in the apoplaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Endogenous H2O2 accumulation in the apoplast was triggered by both cell wall peroxidase and membrane-linked NADPH oxidase.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
membrane-linked NADPH oxidase triggered apoplastic endogenous H2O2 accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- membrane-linked NADPH oxidasee0
- Outcome
- Endogenous H2O2 accumulation in the apoplaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Endogenous H2O2 accumulation in the apoplast was triggered by both cell wall peroxidase and membrane-linked NADPH oxidase.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethylthiourea pretreatment completely abolished SA-induced freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pretreatment with dimethylthiourea (H2O2 scavenger)e0
- Outcome
- SA-induced freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pretreatment with dimethylthiourea (H2O2 scavenger) completely abolished SA-induced freezing tolerance and ABA synthesis”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethylthiourea pretreatment completely abolished ABA synthesis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pretreatment with dimethylthiourea (H2O2 scavenger)e0
- Outcome
- ABA synthesise0
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pretreatment with dimethylthiourea (H2O2 scavenger) completely abolished SA-induced freezing tolerance and ABA synthesis”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone pretreatment reduced H2O2 accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pretreatment with fluridone (ABA biosynthesis inhibitor)e0
- Outcome
- H2O2 accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pretreatment with fluridone (ABA biosynthesis inhibitor) reduced H2O2 accumulation by inhibiting NADPH oxidase encoding genes expression and partially counteracted SA-induced freezing tolerance”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone pretreatment inhibited NADPH oxidase encoding genes expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pretreatment with fluridone (ABA biosynthesis inhibitor)e0
- Outcome
- NADPH oxidase encoding genes expressione0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pretreatment with fluridone (ABA biosynthesis inhibitor) reduced H2O2 accumulation by inhibiting NADPH oxidase encoding genes expression and partially counteracted SA-induced freezing tolerance”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone pretreatment partially counteracted SA-induced freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pretreatment with fluridone (ABA biosynthesis inhibitor)e0
- Outcome
- SA-induced freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- counteractede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pretreatment with fluridone (ABA biosynthesis inhibitor) reduced H2O2 accumulation by inhibiting NADPH oxidase encoding genes expression and partially counteracted SA-induced freezing tolerance”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Endogenous H2O2 and ABA signaling may form a positive feedback loop mediating SA-induced freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- SA-induced freezing tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- positive feedback loope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“endogenous H2O2 and ABA signaling may form a positive feedback loop to mediate SA-induced freezing tolerance in wheat”
t0“Wheat”
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See all 5 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.