Abstract
Fusarium culmorum (Fc) and F. graminearum (Fg) belong to the predominant causal agents of fusarium crown and root rot ( FCR ) in wheat. While many studies have been done to investigate crown rot, including stem base infection, root colonization and mycotoxin production associated with root rot is not well understood. In this study the impact of mycotoxins on the colonization of wheat roots and stem bases was analysed by using Fc and Fg isolates that varied in both quantity and types of trichothecenes they produce. Seedling inoculations in growth chambers with a high deoxynivalenol ( DON )‐ and 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol (3 ADON )‐producing isolate led to more severe symptoms and 20‐times greater colonization of the stem base, as measured by Fc DNA accumulation, than isolates that produced less DON /3 ADON . In contrast to stem base colonization, in vitro inoculations of roots with a Tri5 deletion mutant deficient in Fg trichothecene production led to three‐times higher colonization than the wildtype. Furthermore, an Fc isolate that produced low levels of zearalenone resulted in twice the level of colonization of a high DON /3 ADON ‐producing isolate included in the study. When root inoculation with a low DON /3 ADON ‐producing Fc isolate was supplemented with exogenous DON , DON production decreased by more than half per unit weight of Fc DNA , and root colonization doubled compared to the untreated control. Therefore, in contrast to its potential role as an aggressiveness factor in stem base infection, trichothecene production by Fc and Fg is detrimental to the early stages of wheat root colonization in FCR .
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
A high DON and 3 ADON producing Fc isolate caused more severe wheat seedling symptoms than lower producing isolates.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- high deoxynivalenol ( DON )‐ and 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol (3 ADON )‐producing isolatee0
- Interactor
- Fce0pathogen
- Outcome
- symptomse0
- Direction
- more severee0
- Comparator
- isolates that produced less DON /3 ADONe0
- Setting
- growth chamberse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedling inoculations in growth chambers with a high deoxynivalenol ( DON )‐ and 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol (3 ADON )‐producing isolate led to more severe symptoms and 20‐times greater colonization of the stem base, as measured by Fc DNA accumulation, than isolates that produced less DON /3 ADON”
t0“of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
A high DON and 3 ADON producing Fc isolate colonized wheat stem bases 20 times more than lower producing isolates.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- stem basee0
- Treatment
- high deoxynivalenol ( DON )‐ and 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol (3 ADON )‐producing isolatee0
- Interactor
- Fce0pathogen
- Outcome
- colonization of the stem basee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 20‐timese0
- Comparator
- isolates that produced less DON /3 ADONe0
- Setting
- growth chamberse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedling inoculations in growth chambers with a high deoxynivalenol ( DON )‐ and 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol (3 ADON )‐producing isolate led to more severe symptoms and 20‐times greater colonization of the stem base, as measured by Fc DNA accumulation, than isolates that produced less DON /3 ADON”
t0“of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
A trichothecene deficient Fg mutant colonized wheat roots three times more than wildtype.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- Tri5 deletion mutante0
- Interactor
- Fge0pathogen
- Gene
- Tri5e0
- Outcome
- colonizatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- three‐timese0
- Comparator
- wildtypee0
- Setting
- in vitroe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in vitro inoculations of roots with a Tri5 deletion mutant deficient in Fg trichothecene production led to three‐times higher colonization than the wildtype”
t0“of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
A low zearalenone producing Fc isolate colonized wheat roots twice as much as a high DON and 3 ADON producing isolate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Fc isolate that produced low levels of zearalenonee0
- Interactor
- Fce0pathogen
- Outcome
- colonizatione0
- Direction
- twicee0
- Value
- twicee0
- Comparator
- high DON /3 ADON ‐producing isolatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an Fc isolate that produced low levels of zearalenone resulted in twice the level of colonization of a high DON /3 ADON ‐producing isolate included in the study”
t0“of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous DON more than halved DON production per Fc DNA weight in wheat roots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- exogenous DONe0
- Interactor
- Fce0pathogen
- Outcome
- DON productione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- more than halfe0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When root inoculation with a low DON /3 ADON ‐producing Fc isolate was supplemented with exogenous DON , DON production decreased by more than half per unit weight of Fc DNA , and root colonization doubled compared to the untreated control”
t0“of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous DON doubled Fc colonization of wheat roots against untreated control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- exogenous DONe0
- Interactor
- Fce0pathogen
- Outcome
- root colonizatione0
- Direction
- doublede0
- Value
- doublede0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When root inoculation with a low DON /3 ADON ‐producing Fc isolate was supplemented with exogenous DON , DON production decreased by more than half per unit weight of Fc DNA , and root colonization doubled compared to the untreated control”
t0“of wheat”
The same questions in other papers
zearalenone · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
deoxynivalenol · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.