Abstract
[Synopsis] The correlation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its incidence with Fusarium headblight of wheat and barley is very strong. However, the correlation with disease severity is weak. The focus of this presentation is on the role of DON in pathogenesis. Single-kernel analysis is the model system developed for the study of this disease. In natural infection, DON is found in spikelets other than those showing symptoms and is most likely due to spread of the fungus. In wheat and barley heads inoculated with DON, no translocation of DON out of the treated spikelets was noted after 12, 24 and 48 hrs. Macroconidia of F. graminearum isolates do not contain DON although these same isolates when grown on rice or wheat produce the toxin. In inoculated wheat and barley heads, DON as well as 15-ADON are produced 48 hrs after inoculation. Trichodiene mutants that do not produce DON did not do so when inoculated into single spikelets on wheat heads although they did show mild symptoms of infection. The wild type (DON producer) caused more severe symptoms of infection than the mutant. This manuscript attempts to review some of the pertinent literature relative to pathogenesis of Fusarium species on cereal grains as well as include some original experiments designed to address the role of deoxynivalenol in pathogenesis.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
DON incidence correlated strongly with head blight in wheat and barley.
- Taxon
- wheat and barley
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Hordeum vulgare
Triticum aestivume0 - Compound
- deoxynivalenol (DON)e0
- Outcome
- Fusarium headblighte0
FusariumNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The correlation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its incidence with Fusarium headblight of wheat and barley is very strong.”
Claim · model-written summary
DON correlated weakly with disease severity.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- DONe1
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the correlation with disease severity is weak.”
t0“The correlation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its incidence with Fusarium headblight of wheat and barley is very strong.”
e1“The correlation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its incidence with Fusarium headblight of wheat and barley is very strong.”
Claim · model-written summary
DON occurred in symptomless spikelets during natural infection.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- spikeletse0
- Outcome
- DON is found in spikelets other than those showing symptomse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In natural infection, DON is found in spikelets other than those showing symptoms and is most likely due to spread of the fungus.”
t0“The correlation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its incidence with Fusarium headblight of wheat and barley is very strong.”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied DON did not translocate out of wheat or barley spikelets within 48 hours.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- inoculated with DONe0
- Outcome
- translocation of DON out of the treated spikeletse0
- Direction
- no translocatione0
- Qualifier
- after 12, 24 and 48 hrse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In wheat and barley heads inoculated with DON, no translocation of DON out of the treated spikelets was noted after 12, 24 and 48 hrs.”
Claim · model-written summary
F. graminearum macroconidia lacked DON.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- F. graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume0pathogen - Outcome
- Macroconidia of F. graminearum isolates do not contain DONe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Macroconidia of F. graminearum isolates do not contain DON although these same isolates when grown on rice or wheat produce the toxin.”
Claim · model-written summary
F. graminearum produced DON when grown on wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- produce the toxine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these same isolates when grown on rice or wheat produce the toxin.”
e1“Macroconidia of F. graminearum isolates do not contain DON although these same isolates when grown on rice or wheat produce the toxin.”
Claim · model-written summary
F. graminearum produced DON when grown on rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Outcome
- produce the toxine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these same isolates when grown on rice or wheat produce the toxin.”
t0“The correlation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its incidence with Fusarium headblight of wheat and barley is very strong.”
Claim · model-written summary
DON and 15-ADON were produced 48 hours after wheat and barley head inoculation.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- DON as well as 15-ADON are producede0
- Qualifier
- 48 hrs after inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In inoculated wheat and barley heads, DON as well as 15-ADON are produced 48 hrs after inoculation.”
t0“The correlation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its incidence with Fusarium headblight of wheat and barley is very strong.”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-DON-producing mutants remained nonproducers on wheat but caused mild symptoms.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- mild symptoms of infectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichodiene mutants that do not produce DON did not do so when inoculated into single spikelets on wheat heads although they did show mild symptoms of infection.”
t0“The correlation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its incidence with Fusarium headblight of wheat and barley is very strong.”
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