Abstract
Pisatin elicitors including fragments of chitosan and partially N-deacetylated chitins (DACs) strongly induced (+)-α,2′,4,4′-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone, (-)-4′,7-dihydroxyflavanone, and 4,4′-dihydroxy-2′-methoxychalcone in Pisum sativum. These three flavonoids with moderate or weak antimicrobial activities were effectively induced by the treatment of pea with either the biotic elicitors or an abiotic elicitor CuCl 2 . The examination of chitosan derivatives with different molecular size and different N-acetylation for the flavonoidinducing activity in pea epicotyl assay revealed that the structural features required for the flavonoids induction were different from those required for (+)-pisatin induction. (+)-2- Hydroxypisatin, a possible intermediate in pisatin degradation pathway, which has been isolated from pea seedlings treated with the abiotic elicitor or infected by fungi was not induced by the chitosaccharides in pea epicotyl assay. These findings suggest that pea plants could distinguish invading pathogens by the difference of structural features of chitosaccharides derived from chitin, a major constituent of fungal cell walls. Thereby, the plant could accumulate antimicrobial compounds responsible for the chemical defense against invading pathogens.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Pisatin elicitors including partially N-deacetylated chitins strongly induced three flavonoids in Pisum sativum
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum
Lathyrus oleraceuse1 - Treatment
- Pisatin elicitors including fragments of chitosan and partially N-deacetylated chitins (DACs)e1
- Outcome
- (+)-α,2′,4,4′-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone, (-)-4′,7-dihydroxyflavanone, and 4,4′-dihydroxy-2′-methoxychalconee1
- Direction
- strongly inducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Pisatin elicitors including fragments of chitosan and partially N-deacetylated chitins (DACs) strongly induced (+)-α,2′,4,4′-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone, (-)-4′,7-dihydroxyflavanone, and 4,4′-dihydroxy-2′-methoxychalcone in Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
The three flavonoids were effectively induced in pea by biotic elicitors or by the abiotic elicitor CuCl 2
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse2
- Treatment
- the biotic elicitors or an abiotic elicitor CuCl 2e2
- Outcome
- These three flavonoidse2
- Direction
- effectively inducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“These three flavonoids with moderate or weak antimicrobial activities were effectively induced by the treatment of pea with either the biotic elicitors or an abiotic elicitor CuCl 2”
Claim · model-written summary
The structural features of chitosaccharides required for flavonoid induction differ from those required for pisatin induction
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- structural features required for the flavonoids inductione3
- Comparator
- (+)-pisatin inductione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Pisatin elicitors including fragments of chitosan and partially N-deacetylated chitins (DACs) strongly induced (+)-α,2′,4,4′-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone, (-)-4′,7-dihydroxyflavanone, and 4,4′-dihydroxy-2′-methoxychalcone in Pisum sativum”
e3“the structural features required for the flavonoids induction were different from those required for (+)-pisatin induction”
Claim · model-written summary
(+)-2- Hydroxypisatin was not induced by chitosaccharides in pea epicotyl assay
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse4
- Treatment
- the chitosaccharidese4
- Outcome
- (+)-2- Hydroxypisatine4
- Direction
- was not inducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“(+)-2- Hydroxypisatin, a possible intermediate in pisatin degradation pathway, which has been isolated from pea seedlings treated with the abiotic elicitor or infected by fungi was not induced by the chitosaccharides in pea epicotyl assay”
The same questions in other papers
chitosan · molecular: metabolites · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
resistance inducer · molecular: metabolites · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.