Abstract
Melatonin-deficient rice with a semidwarf erect-leaf phenotype was created by suppressing serotonin N-acetyltransferase 2 (SNAT2). We generated an RNAi transgenic rice that suppressed tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), which encodes the first TDC enzyme committed step for melatonin biosynthesis in plants catalyzing the conversion of tryptophan into tryptamine, to determine whether other transgenic rice with downregulated melatonin biosynthetic genes exhibited the same erect-leaf phenotype as the snat2 RNAi rice. The TDC RNAi rice produced significantly less melatonin than the wild type and exhibited a semidwarf phenotype, but no erect-leaf phenotype was observed. In contrast, tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H) knockout Sekiguchi rice and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) RNAi rice seedlings were semidwarf phenotypes with erect leaves, as was the snat2 RNAi rice due to a melatonin deficiency. All RNAi rice plants showing erect-leaf phenotypes had lower expression levels of the DWARF4 gene, which is a key enzyme for brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis, leading to lower BR levels than their respective wild types. Suppressing melatonin synthesis did not alter the contents of indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), suggesting the irrelevance of melatonin deficiency to IAA biosynthesis. These data indicate that a semidwarf seedling is a common rice phenotype by the lack of melatonin synthesis with or without BR suppression in a melatonin biosynthetic gene-specific manner.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
SNAT2 suppression produced melatonin-deficient rice with semidwarf erect leaves.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- suppressing serotonin N-acetyltransferase 2 (SNAT2)e0
- Gene
- serotonin N-acetyltransferase 2 (SNAT2)e0
- Outcome
- semidwarf erect-leaf phenotypee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Melatonin-deficient rice with a semidwarf erect-leaf phenotype was created by suppressing serotonin N-acetyltransferase 2 (SNAT2).”
Claim · model-written summary
TDC RNAi rice produced significantly less melatonin than wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- TDC RNAi ricee0
- Treatment
- TDC RNAie0
- Gene
- TDCe0
- Outcome
- melatonine0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The TDC RNAi rice produced significantly less melatonin than the wild type”
Claim · model-written summary
TDC RNAi rice had a semidwarf phenotype without an erect-leaf phenotype.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- semidwarf phenotype, but no erect-leaf phenotypee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exhibited a semidwarf phenotype, but no erect-leaf phenotype was observed”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
T5H knockout Sekiguchi rice seedlings were semidwarf with erect leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H) knockout Sekiguchi ricee0
- Gene
- tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H)e0
- Outcome
- semidwarf phenotypes with erect leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H) knockout Sekiguchi rice and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) RNAi rice seedlings were semidwarf phenotypes with erect leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
COMT RNAi rice seedlings were semidwarf with erect leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) RNAi rice seedlingse0
- Gene
- caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT)e0
- Outcome
- semidwarf phenotypes with erect leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) RNAi rice seedlings were semidwarf phenotypes with erect leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Erect-leaf RNAi rice had lower DWARF4 expression than wild types.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- RNAi rice plantse0
- Gene
- DWARF4 genee0
- Outcome
- expression levels of the DWARF4 genee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- their respective wild typese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All RNAi rice plants showing erect-leaf phenotypes had lower expression levels of the DWARF4 gene, which is a key enzyme for brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis, leading to lower BR levels than their respective wild types.”
Claim · model-written summary
Erect-leaf RNAi rice had lower BR levels than their wild types.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- RNAi rice plantse0
- Outcome
- BR levelse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- their respective wild typese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All RNAi rice plants showing erect-leaf phenotypes had lower expression levels of the DWARF4 gene, which is a key enzyme for brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis, leading to lower BR levels than their respective wild types.”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppressing melatonin synthesis did not alter IAA contents.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Suppressing melatonin synthesise0
- Outcome
- contents of indole 3-acetic acid (IAA)e0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suppressing melatonin synthesis did not alter the contents of indole 3-acetic acid (IAA)”
t0“rice plants”
The same questions in other papers
melatonin · molecular: metabolites · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.