Abstract
Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) requires large amounts of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to produce high yields. The intercropping of cauliflower with a leguminous species may help farmers to reduce N fertilizer rates, production costs and environmental pollution. Moreover, the recycling of crop residues can contribute to the nutritional support of subsequent crops in a rotation. In this study, cauliflower was cultivated in year one either alone or intercropped with annual clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.), using four N fertilization rates: 0, 75, 150, and 300 kg N ha−1 (referred to as N0, N1, N2, and N3 respectively). Following crop residue incorporation in year two, iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata (L.) Janchen) was cropped on the same field without the supply of N fertilizer to assess the effect of cauliflower and clover residues as well as of residual N fertilizer rates on the growth and N uptake of lettuce. The presence of clover did not affect the marketable yields of the intercropped cauliflower, which were similar to the cauliflower sole-cropped. The N1 and N2 fertilizer rates maximized both growth and N uptake of the intercropped cauliflower, while with the N3, crop development was limited. In the N0 plot, the legume competed for N and depressed growth and N absorption of cauliflower. The sole-cropped cauliflower was, on the contrary, unaffected by the N fertilizer rates. The iceberg lettuce cultivated in succession benefited from the presence of clover in plots N1 and N2. When succeeded to the sole-cropped cauliflower, however, the iceberg lettuce produced less biomass and absorbed less N. Results from this study suggest that the intercropping system cauliflower-clover can be a sustainable tool to optimize N input and reduce N fertilizer requirements for the successive crop.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Clover intercropping did not affect marketable yields of cauliflower compared with sole-cropped cauliflower.
- Taxon
- cauliflower
Brassica oleracea var. botrytist0 - Treatment
- presence of clovere1
- Outcome
- marketable yieldse1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
- Comparator
- the cauliflower sole-croppede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of nitrogen nutrition of cauliflower”
e1“The presence of clover did not affect the marketable yields of the intercropped cauliflower, which were similar to the cauliflower sole-cropped”
Claim · model-written summary
N1 and N2 fertilizer rates maximized growth and N uptake of intercropped cauliflower.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- N1 and N2 fertilizer ratese2
- Outcome
- growth and N uptakee2
- Direction
- maximizede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of nitrogen nutrition of cauliflower”
e2“The N1 and N2 fertilizer rates maximized both growth and N uptake of the intercropped cauliflower, while with the N3, crop development was limited”
Claim · model-written summary
The N3 fertilizer rate limited crop development of intercropped cauliflower.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- N3e2
- Outcome
- crop developmente2
- Direction
- limitede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of nitrogen nutrition of cauliflower”
e2“The N1 and N2 fertilizer rates maximized both growth and N uptake of the intercropped cauliflower, while with the N3, crop development was limited”
Claim · model-written summary
In the N0 plot, the legume depressed growth and N absorption of cauliflower by competing for N.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- N0e3
- Interactor
- legumee3other
- Outcome
- growth and N absorptione3
- Direction
- depressede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of nitrogen nutrition of cauliflower”
e3“In the N0 plot, the legume competed for N and depressed growth and N absorption of cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth and N uptake of sole-cropped cauliflower were unaffected by N fertilizer rates.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- N fertilizer ratese4
- Outcome
- growth and N uptakee2
- Direction
- unaffectede4
- Qualifier
- sole-croppede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of nitrogen nutrition of cauliflower”
e2“The N1 and N2 fertilizer rates maximized both growth and N uptake of the intercropped cauliflower, while with the N3, crop development was limited”
e4“The sole-cropped cauliflower was, on the contrary, unaffected by the N fertilizer rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Iceberg lettuce grown after clover residues benefited in growth and N uptake in plots N1 and N2.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativat0 - Treatment
- presence of clovere5
- Outcome
- growth and N uptakee6
- Direction
- benefitede5
- Qualifier
- in plots N1 and N2e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rotation with lettuce”
e5“The iceberg lettuce cultivated in succession benefited from the presence of clover in plots N1 and N2”
e6“to assess the effect of cauliflower and clover residues as well as of residual N fertilizer rates on the growth and N uptake of lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Iceberg lettuce succeeding sole-cropped cauliflower produced less biomass.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- succeeded to the sole-cropped cauliflowere7
- Outcome
- biomasse7
- Direction
- produced lesse7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rotation with lettuce”
e7“When succeeded to the sole-cropped cauliflower, however, the iceberg lettuce produced less biomass and absorbed less N”
Claim · model-written summary
Iceberg lettuce succeeding sole-cropped cauliflower absorbed less N.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- succeeded to the sole-cropped cauliflowere7
- Outcome
- Ne7
- Direction
- absorbed lesse7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rotation with lettuce”
e7“When succeeded to the sole-cropped cauliflower, however, the iceberg lettuce produced less biomass and absorbed less N”
Claim · model-written summary
The cauliflower-clover intercropping system can optimize N input and reduce N fertilizer requirements for the successive crop.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Outcome
- N fertilizer requirementse0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Qualifier
- sustainable toole0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of nitrogen nutrition of cauliflower”
e0“Results from this study suggest that the intercropping system cauliflower-clover can be a sustainable tool to optimize N input and reduce N fertilizer requirements for the successive crop”
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See all 264 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.