Abstract
Urea treated with urease inhibitors (UI) in association with humic substances (HS) is expected to improve urea efficiency by reducing ammonia losses and also provide the benefits of HS such as improve nitrogen (N) recovery by plants. Ammonia volatilization (AV), 15N recovery efficiency in the soil (NRE) and 15N use efficiency (NUE) were evaluated in maize (Zea mays L.) in a greenhouse pot trial. Treatments consisted of 15N-urea treated with UI (0, 0.4% boron (B) +0.15% copper (Cu), 0.64% B, and NBPT (N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide)) and three levels of HS (0%, 0.6%, and 1.2%). A control treatment (without N) was also included. N treatments were applied at V4 (vegetative leaf stage 4) on soil surface. HS was not efficient on AV reduction, NBPT had the greatest reduction in AV, and B had higher efficiency on AV reduction than Cu. At V8 (vegetative leaf stage 8), NBPT had the greatest NUE followed by B. At VT (tassel fully emerged), NUE from urea treated with NBPT reduced when increased levels of HS, and NBPT had the greatest NRE. UI in association with HS treated-urea does not reduce AV and it does not improve NUE by maize in vegetative stages.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Humic substances did not efficiently reduce ammonia volatilization.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HS was not efficient on AV reduction”
t0“15 N-Urea Efficiency in Maize as Influenced by Humic Substances and Urease Inhibitors Treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
NBPT gave the greatest reduction in ammonia volatilization.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NBPT had the greatest reduction in AV”
t0“15 N-Urea Efficiency in Maize as Influenced by Humic Substances and Urease Inhibitors Treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron was more efficient than copper at reducing ammonia volatilization.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B had higher efficiency on AV reduction than Cu”
t0“15 N-Urea Efficiency in Maize as Influenced by Humic Substances and Urease Inhibitors Treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
At V8, NBPT produced the greatest nitrogen use efficiency, followed by boron.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At V8 (vegetative leaf stage 8), NBPT had the greatest NUE followed by B.”
t0“15 N-Urea Efficiency in Maize as Influenced by Humic Substances and Urease Inhibitors Treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
At VT, increasing humic substances reduced nitrogen use efficiency from NBPT-treated urea.
- Organ / stage
- VTe0
- Treatment
- increased levels of HSe0
- Outcome
- NUE from urea treated with NBPTe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At VT (tassel fully emerged), NUE from urea treated with NBPT reduced when increased levels of HS”
t0“15 N-Urea Efficiency in Maize as Influenced by Humic Substances and Urease Inhibitors Treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
At VT, NBPT produced the greatest soil nitrogen recovery efficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NBPT had the greatest NRE”
t0“15 N-Urea Efficiency in Maize as Influenced by Humic Substances and Urease Inhibitors Treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Urease inhibitors combined with humic substances in treated urea did not reduce ammonia volatilization.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UI in association with HS treated-urea does not reduce AV”
t0“15 N-Urea Efficiency in Maize as Influenced by Humic Substances and Urease Inhibitors Treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Urease inhibitors combined with humic substances in treated urea did not improve maize nitrogen use efficiency during vegetative stages.
- Organ / stage
- vegetative stagese0
- Treatment
- UI in association with HS treated-ureae1
- Outcome
- NUEe0
- Direction
- does not improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it does not improve NUE by maize in vegetative stages”
t1“15 N-Urea Efficiency in Maize as Influenced by Humic Substances and Urease Inhibitors Treatments”
e1“UI in association with HS treated-urea does not reduce AV”
The same questions in other papers
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor · nutrient: efficiency · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor · environment: emissions · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →other · environment: emissions · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →other · nutrient: efficiency · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.