Abstract
As members of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor families, phytochrome-interacting factors regulate an array of developmental responses ranging from seed germination to plant growth. However, little is known about their roles in modulating grain development. Here, we firstly analyzed the expression pattern of rice OsPIL genes in grains and found that OsPIL15 may play an important role in grain development. We then generated knockout (KO) OsPIL15 lines in rice using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, the silencing expression of OsPIL15 led to increased numbers of cells, which thus enhanced grain size and weight. Moreover, overexpression and suppression of OsPIL15 in the rice endosperm resulted in brown rice showing grain sizes and weights that were decreased and increased respectively. Further studies indicated that OsPIL15 binds to N1-box (CACGCG) motifs of the purine permease gene OsPUP7 promoter. Measurement of isopentenyl adenosine, a bioactive form of cytokinin (CTK), revealed increased contents in the OsPIL15-KO spikelets compared with the wild-type. Overall, our results demonstrate a possible pathway whereby OsPIL15 directly targets OsPUP7, affecting CTK transport and thereby influencing cell division and subsequent grain size. These findings provide a valuable insight into the molecular functions of OsPIL15 in rice grains, highlighting a useful genetic improvement leading to increased rice yield.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing OsPIL15 enhanced grain size and weight in rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- silencing expression of OsPIL15e1
- Gene
- OsPIL15e1
- Outcome
- grain size and weighte1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e1“the silencing expression of OsPIL15 led to increased numbers of cells, which thus enhanced grain size and weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing OsPIL15 increased the number of cells.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- silencing expression of OsPIL15e1
- Gene
- OsPIL15e1
- Outcome
- numbers of cellse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e1“the silencing expression of OsPIL15 led to increased numbers of cells, which thus enhanced grain size and weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of OsPIL15 in the rice endosperm decreased grain size and weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- endosperme2
- Treatment
- overexpressione2
- Gene
- OsPIL15e2
- Outcome
- grain sizes and weightse2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e2“overexpression and suppression of OsPIL15 in the rice endosperm resulted in brown rice showing grain sizes and weights that were decreased and increased respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppression of OsPIL15 in the rice endosperm increased grain size and weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- endosperme2
- Treatment
- suppressione2
- Gene
- OsPIL15e2
- Outcome
- grain sizes and weightse2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e2“overexpression and suppression of OsPIL15 in the rice endosperm resulted in brown rice showing grain sizes and weights that were decreased and increased respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPIL15 binds to N1-box motifs of the OsPUP7 promoter.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsPUP7e3
- Outcome
- binds to N1-box (CACGCG) motifse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e3“OsPIL15 binds to N1-box (CACGCG) motifs of the purine permease gene OsPUP7 promoter”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPIL15-knockout spikelets had increased isopentenyl adenosine contents compared with wild-type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- spikeletse4
- Treatment
- OsPIL15-KOe4
- Gene
- OsPIL15e4
- Outcome
- isopentenyl adenosinee4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- wild-typee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e4“Measurement of isopentenyl adenosine, a bioactive form of cytokinin (CTK), revealed increased contents in the OsPIL15-KO spikelets compared with the wild-type”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPIL15 directly targets OsPUP7, affecting cytokinin transport and thereby cell division and grain size.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsPUP7e5
- Outcome
- grain sizee5
- Qualifier
- affecting CTK transport and thereby influencing cell divisione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e5“OsPIL15 directly targets OsPUP7, affecting CTK transport and thereby influencing cell division and subsequent grain size”
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