Abstract
The deep placement of urea fertilizer (DMU) containing 1% (W/W) of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on soybean growth and seed yield was as effective as those of the coated urea (CU) and lime nitrogen (LN) in a field research. The average seed yields were high in LN (464 g·m −2 ) and DMU (461 g·m −2 ) and relatively low in CU (405 g·m −2 ), U (396 g·m −2 ), and Cont (373 g·m −2 ) treatments. The accumulations of dry matter and nitrogen in soybean shoots were higher in the plants with deep placement of CU, LN, and DMU than U and Cont. The daily nitrogen fixation activity and daily nitrogen absorption rate were calculated based on the relative ureide method. Both nitrogen fixation activity and nitrogen absorption rate were higher in DMU, CU, and LN compared with control treatment, suggesting that the deep placement of DMU did not repress nitrogen fixation. Soil incubation test was performed using the same field soil with DMU, U, LN, and urea with DMPP 1%, 2%, and 4%. DMU inhibits nitrification similar to the pattern of LN until 8 weeks. The increasing DMPP concentration did not markedly increase the nitrification inhibition. From these results, it was concluded that urea fertilizer with 1% DMPP is efficient for deep placement of N fertilizer for soybean cultivation due to its lower price compared with CU and LN.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
DMU was as effective as coated urea for soybean growth and seed yield.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- deep placement of urea fertilizer (DMU) containing 1% (W/W) of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP)e0
- Outcome
- soybean growth and seed yielde0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- coated urea (CU)e0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The deep placement of urea fertilizer (DMU) containing 1% (W/W) of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on soybean growth and seed yield was as effective as those of the coated urea (CU) and lime nitrogen (LN) in a field research.”
Claim · model-written summary
DMU was as effective as lime nitrogen for soybean growth and seed yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- deep placement of urea fertilizer (DMU) containing 1% (W/W) of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP)e0
- Outcome
- soybean growth and seed yielde0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- lime nitrogen (LN)e0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The deep placement of urea fertilizer (DMU) containing 1% (W/W) of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on soybean growth and seed yield was as effective as those of the coated urea (CU) and lime nitrogen (LN) in a field research.”
Claim · model-written summary
Average seed yield under LN was 464 g·m −2.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed yields were high in LN (464 g·m −2 )”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Average seed yield under DMU was 461 g·m −2.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DMU (461 g·m −2 )”
t0“Soybean”
e1“The average seed yields were high in LN (464 g·m −2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Average seed yield under CU was 405 g·m −2.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- CUe0
- Outcome
- seed yieldse1
- Direction
- relatively lowe0
- Value
- 405 g·m −2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relatively low in CU (405 g·m −2 )”
t0“Soybean”
e1“The average seed yields were high in LN (464 g·m −2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Average seed yield under U was 396 g·m −2.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Ue0
- Outcome
- seed yieldse1
- Value
- 396 g·m −2e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“U (396 g·m −2 )”
t0“Soybean”
e1“The average seed yields were high in LN (464 g·m −2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Average seed yield under control was 373 g·m −2.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Conte0
- Outcome
- seed yieldse1
- Value
- 373 g·m −2e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cont (373 g·m −2 ) treatments.”
t0“Soybean”
e1“The average seed yields were high in LN (464 g·m −2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
CU deep placement increased shoot dry matter accumulation relative to U and control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- deep placement of CUe0
- Outcome
- accumulations of dry mattere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- U and Conte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulations of dry matter and nitrogen in soybean shoots were higher in the plants with deep placement of CU, LN, and DMU than U and Cont.”
Claim · model-written summary
LN deep placement increased shoot dry matter accumulation relative to U and control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- deep placement of CU, LNe0
- Outcome
- accumulations of dry mattere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- U and Conte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulations of dry matter and nitrogen in soybean shoots were higher in the plants with deep placement of CU, LN, and DMU than U and Cont.”
Claim · model-written summary
DMU deep placement increased shoot dry matter accumulation relative to U and control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- DMUe0
- Outcome
- accumulations of dry mattere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- U and Conte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulations of dry matter and nitrogen in soybean shoots were higher in the plants with deep placement of CU, LN, and DMU than U and Cont.”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep placement of CU, LN and DMU increased soybean shoot nitrogen accumulation over U and control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- deep placement of CU, LN, and DMUe0
- Outcome
- nitrogen in soybean shootse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- U and Conte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulations of dry matter and nitrogen in soybean shoots were higher in the plants with deep placement of CU, LN, and DMU than U and Cont.”
Claim · model-written summary
DMU, CU and LN had higher daily nitrogen fixation activity than control.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- DMU, CU, and LNe0
- Outcome
- nitrogen fixation activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both nitrogen fixation activity and nitrogen absorption rate were higher in DMU, CU, and LN compared with control treatment”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
DMU, CU and LN had higher daily nitrogen absorption rate than control.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- DMU, CU, and LNe0
- Outcome
- nitrogen absorption ratee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both nitrogen fixation activity and nitrogen absorption rate were higher in DMU, CU, and LN compared with control treatment”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
DMU inhibited soil nitrification similarly to LN for eight weeks.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- DMUe0
- Outcome
- nitrificatione0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
- Qualifier
- until 8 weekse0
- Comparator
- LNe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DMU inhibits nitrification similar to the pattern of LN until 8 weeks.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing DMPP concentration did not markedly increase nitrification inhibition.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- increasing DMPP concentratione0
- Outcome
- nitrification inhibitione0
- Direction
- did not markedly increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increasing DMPP concentration did not markedly increase the nitrification inhibition.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that 1% DMPP urea is efficient for deep placement in soybean cultivation because it costs less than CU and LN.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- urea fertilizer with 1% DMPPe0
- Outcome
- deep placement of N fertilizer for soybean cultivatione0
- Qualifier
- lower price compared with CU and LNe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“urea fertilizer with 1% DMPP is efficient for deep placement of N fertilizer for soybean cultivation due to its lower price compared with CU and LN.”
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See all 40 papers →8 of 16 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.