Abstract
Vegetative propagation using runner plants is an important method to expand the cultivation area for the strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). However, excessively long runners need an increased total amount of nutrients and energy to receive elongation from mother plants, which may lead to poor growth or reduced output. The use of plant growth regulators (PGRs) is an adoptable way to solve such problems. The objectives of this experiment were to study the effects of PGRs and their application methods on the growth and development of runners, runner plants, and mother plants, and also to find effective ways to control the number and length of runners without harmful side effects. Chlormequat chloride (CCC), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), and ethephon (ETH) at a concentration of 100 mg·L−1 were applied via three different methods: injection into crowns, medium drench, and foliar spray. The results showed that BA injection into crowns was the most effective combination among all treatments, which prominently shortened the length of runners and increased the number of runners and leaves on a single plant. Furthermore, plants with BA solution injection tended to produce stronger runners with higher fresh and dry weights, without affecting the health states of mother plants. The ETH solution seemed to have toxic effects on plants, by leading many dead leaves and weak runners, and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. Other than the injection method, the other two application methods of the CCC solution did not significantly affect the growth and development of both cultivars. Runner plants grown for 30 days were not affected by any treatments, and they were in similar conditions. Overall, BA injection into crowns is recommended for controlling the number and length of strawberry runners.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
BA injection into crowns prominently shortened the length of runners in strawberry.
- Taxon
- Strawberries
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- BA injection into crownse1
- Outcome
- length of runnerse1
- Direction
- shortenede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“BA injection into crowns was the most effective combination among all treatments, which prominently shortened the length of runners and increased the number of runners and leaves on a single plant”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
BA injection into crowns increased the number of runners and leaves on a single strawberry plant.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- BA injection into crownse1
- Outcome
- number of runners and leaves on a single plante1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“BA injection into crowns was the most effective combination among all treatments, which prominently shortened the length of runners and increased the number of runners and leaves on a single plant”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants with BA solution injection tended to produce stronger runners with higher fresh and dry weights.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- BA solution injectione1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weightse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Qualifier
- tendede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“plants with BA solution injection tended to produce stronger runners with higher fresh and dry weights”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
BA solution injection did not affect the health states of mother plants.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- BA solution injectione1
- Outcome
- health states of mother plantse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“plants with BA solution injection tended to produce stronger runners with higher fresh and dry weights, without affecting the health states of mother plants”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH solution seemed to have toxic effects on plants, leading to many dead leaves and weak runners.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- ETH solutione1
- Outcome
- many dead leaves and weak runnerse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The ETH solution seemed to have toxic effects on plants, by leading many dead leaves and weak runners, and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH solution increased activities of antioxidant enzymes.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- ETH solutione1
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymese1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The ETH solution seemed to have toxic effects on plants, by leading many dead leaves and weak runners, and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Other than injection, the other two application methods of the CCC solution did not significantly affect growth and development of both cultivars.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- the other two application methods of the CCC solutione1
- Outcome
- growth and developmente1
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Other than the injection method, the other two application methods of the CCC solution did not significantly affect the growth and development of both cultivars”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Runner plants grown for 30 days were not affected by any treatments and were in similar conditions.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- any treatmentse1
- Outcome
- similar conditionse1
- Direction
- not affectede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Runner plants grown for 30 days were not affected by any treatments, and they were in similar conditions”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend BA injection into crowns for controlling the number and length of strawberry runners.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Outcome
- controlling the number and length of strawberry runnerse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“BA injection into crowns is recommended for controlling the number and length of strawberry runners”
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