Abstract
To evaluate mycorrhizal symbiosis of soybean plants (Glycin max L. cv. Williams) in different irrigation systems, a split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) at Urmia University in 2015. Treatments were irrigation systems (constant partial root- zone drying irrigation: CPRD, furrow and alternate partial root-zone drying irrigation: APRD) as main plots, and mycorrhizal fungi species (non-inoculated control, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices and Simiglomus hoi) as sub-plots in three replications. The leaf area index, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, leaf weight rate, seed protein, leaf total soluble sugars, leaf proline, nod number per plant, pod weight and oil percentage were not affected by irrigation systems and mycorrhizal species. Values of leaf phosphorus and potassium were the same for all irrigation systems. In spite of highest chlorophyll index (SPAD) in APRD, the maximum percentage of harvest index for oil and seed production belonged to furrow system. Plants inoculated with S. hoi exhibited the highest values of SPAD, leaf P and leaf K, though the highest percentage of harvest index (for seed and oil production) were occurred in plants inoculated with R. intraradices. The significant interaction effects exhibited variable responses of soybean plants to mycorrhizal species under different irrigation systems. Although, the highest root colonization and leaf nitrogen were respectively observed at APRD and furrow irrigation systems of mycorrhization by F. mosseae. The optimal performance including plant height, 100-seed weight and yields (biological yield, seed yield and oil yield) of soybean plants were obtained from mycorrhizal plants of furrow irrigation identically for three species of fungi. While the higher contents of Linolenic and Linoleic fatty acids in mycorrhizal soybean plants, Gadoleic, Oleic acids (unsaturated fatty acids), Myristic, Palmitic and Stearic acids (saturated fatty acids) were in more amounts in non-AMF inoculated plants. Palmitoleic and Arashidic fatty acids for furrow irrigation, Linolenic and Linoleic fatty acids for APRD, and Gadoleic, Oleic, Myristic, Palmitic and Stearic fatty acids for CPRD were found to be the higher contents.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation and mycorrhizal species did not significantly affect listed leaf traits, seed protein, pod weight or oil percentage.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- irrigation systems and mycorrhizal speciese0
- Outcome
- leaf area index, specific leaf area, leaf area ratioe0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf area index, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, leaf weight rate, seed protein, leaf total soluble sugars, leaf proline, nod number per plant, pod weight and oil percentage were not affected by irrigation systems and mycorrhizal species”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf phosphorus and potassium were the same across irrigation systems.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- irrigation systemse0
- Outcome
- leaf phosphorus and potassiume0
- Direction
- the samee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Values of leaf phosphorus and potassium were the same for all irrigation systems”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
APRD gave the highest chlorophyll index.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- APRDe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll index (SPAD)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest chlorophyll index (SPAD) in APRD”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow irrigation gave the maximum seed and oil harvest index.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- furrow systeme0
- Outcome
- harvest index for oil and seed productione0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum percentage of harvest index for oil and seed production belonged to furrow system”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
S. hoi inoculation produced the highest SPAD, leaf P and leaf K.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- inoculated with S. hoie0
- Interactor
- S. hoiGlomus hoie0symbiont
- Outcome
- SPAD, leaf P and leaf Ke0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with S. hoi exhibited the highest values of SPAD, leaf P and leaf K”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
R. intraradices inoculation gave the highest harvest index for seed and oil production.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- inoculated with R. intraradicese0
- Interactor
- R. intraradicesRhizophagus intraradicese0symbiont
- Outcome
- harvest index (for seed and oil production)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest percentage of harvest index (for seed and oil production) were occurred in plants inoculated with R. intraradices”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation by mycorrhizal species interactions significantly affected soybean responses.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- different irrigation systemse0
- Outcome
- variable responsese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The significant interaction effects exhibited variable responses of soybean plants to mycorrhizal species under different irrigation systems”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
F. mosseae with APRD gave the highest root colonization.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- APRDe0
- Interactor
- F. mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee0symbiont - Outcome
- root colonizatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest root colonization and leaf nitrogen were respectively observed at APRD and furrow irrigation systems of mycorrhization by F. mosseae”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
F. mosseae with furrow irrigation gave the highest leaf nitrogen.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- furrow irrigation systemse0
- Interactor
- F. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf nitrogene0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest root colonization and leaf nitrogen were respectively observed at APRD and furrow irrigation systems of mycorrhization by F. mosseae”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Under furrow irrigation, mycorrhizal plants had optimal height, seed weight and biological, seed and oil yields for all three fungi.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- plant height, 100-seed weight and yieldse0
- Direction
- optimale0
- Setting
- furrow irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimal performance including plant height, 100-seed weight and yields (biological yield, seed yield and oil yield) of soybean plants were obtained from mycorrhizal plants of furrow irrigation identically for three species of fungi”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal plants contained more Linolenic and Linoleic fatty acids.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizale0
- Outcome
- contents of Linolenic and Linoleic fatty acidse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the higher contents of Linolenic and Linoleic fatty acids in mycorrhizal soybean plants”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-AMF plants contained more Gadoleic, Oleic, Myristic, Palmitic and Stearic acids.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Gadoleic, Oleic acidse0
- Direction
- more amountse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gadoleic, Oleic acids (unsaturated fatty acids), Myristic, Palmitic and Stearic acids (saturated fatty acids) were in more amounts in non-AMF inoculated plants”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow irrigation had higher Palmitoleic and Arashidic fatty acids.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- furrow irrigatione0
- Outcome
- Palmitoleic and Arashidic fatty acidse0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Palmitoleic and Arashidic fatty acids for furrow irrigation”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
APRD had higher Linolenic and Linoleic fatty acids.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- APRDe0
- Outcome
- Linolenic and Linoleic fatty acidse0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Linolenic and Linoleic fatty acids for APRD”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
CPRD had higher Gadoleic, Oleic, Myristic, Palmitic and Stearic fatty acids.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- CPRDe0
- Outcome
- Gadoleic, Oleic, Myristic, Palmitic and Stearic fatty acidse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gadoleic, Oleic, Myristic, Palmitic and Stearic fatty acids for CPRD were found to be the higher contents”
t0“Soybean”
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