Abstract
Winter wheat is often double-cropped after soybeans in no-tillage systems. The soybean crop removes large quantities of sulfur (S), which might unbalance ratios of nitrogen (N) to S for the following wheat crop. Our objective was to evaluate the responses of two wheat varieties to three N and four S rates representing a range of N:S ratios. The experiment was arranged as a complete factorial with a split-split-plot design. Variety was the whole-plot, N the sub-plot, and S the sub-sub plot. Nitrogen rates were 50, 100, and 150% of the recommended rate for 60 bu/a, which corresponded to ~45, 87, and 130 lb N/a. Sulfur rates were 0, 10, 20, and 40 lb S. The two locations (Manhattan and Belleville) were conducted under no-till and data were pooled for the statistical analysis. Nitrogen by S interactions occurred for grain yield and protein. The 45 lb N/a with 0, 10, or 40 lb S yielded similarly, while 20 lb S reduced yield by 4 bu/a. The 87 lb N/a increased yield by 9 bu/a from the 45 lb N/a with all S rates yielding similarly. The 130 lb N/a increased yield by 18 bu/a from the 45 lb N/a with 10 lb S resulting in the lowest yield, with 0 and 20 lb S yielding the highest. Zero and 40 lb S resulted in similar yields across all N rates. The 45 and 130 lb N/a with 10 lb S produced protein of 10.9% and 11.9%, respectively. However, 130 lb N/a with 0 or 10 lb S increased protein to 12.6–12.8%. This research will be continued for two more years at three locations per year to better explore the interactive effects of N, S, and variety.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen and sulfur rates interacted in their effects on grain yield.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Nitrogen by Se0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen by S interactions occurred for grain yield and protein.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen and sulfur rates interacted in their effects on protein.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen by Se0
- Outcome
- proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen by S interactions occurred for grain yield and protein.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 45 lb N/a, 20 lb S reduced yield by 4 bu/a relative to the other stated sulfur rates.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 20 lb Se0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 4 bu/ae0
- Qualifier
- 45 lb N/ae0
- Comparator
- 0, 10, or 40 lb Se0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 45 lb N/a with 0, 10, or 40 lb S yielded similarly, while 20 lb S reduced yield by 4 bu/a.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 45 lb N/a, 0, 10, and 40 lb S yielded similarly.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0, 10, or 40 lb Se0
- Outcome
- yielded similarlye0
- Direction
- similarlye0
- Qualifier
- 45 lb N/ae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 45 lb N/a with 0, 10, or 40 lb S yielded similarly”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 87 lb N/a, yield increased by 9 bu/a versus 45 lb N/a.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 87 lb N/ae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 9 bu/ae0
- Comparator
- 45 lb N/ae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 87 lb N/a increased yield by 9 bu/a from the 45 lb N/a with all S rates yielding similarly.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 87 lb N/a, all sulfur rates yielded similarly.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- all S ratese0
- Outcome
- yielding similarlye0
- Direction
- similarlye0
- Qualifier
- 87 lb N/ae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 87 lb N/a increased yield by 9 bu/a from the 45 lb N/a with all S rates yielding similarly.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 130 lb N/a, yield increased by 18 bu/a versus 45 lb N/a.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 130 lb N/ae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18 bu/ae0
- Comparator
- 45 lb N/ae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 130 lb N/a increased yield by 18 bu/a from the 45 lb N/a with 10 lb S resulting in the lowest yield, with 0 and 20 lb S yielding the highest.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 130 lb N/a, 10 lb S produced the lowest yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 10 lb Se0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Comparator
- 0 and 20 lb Se0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with 10 lb S resulting in the lowest yield, with 0 and 20 lb S yielding the highest.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 130 lb N/a, 0 and 20 lb S produced the highest yields.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0 and 20 lb Se0
- Outcome
- yielding the higheste0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with 0 and 20 lb S yielding the highest.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero and 40 lb S yielded similarly across nitrogen rates.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zero and 40 lb Se0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- across all N ratese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zero and 40 lb S resulted in similar yields across all N rates.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 45 lb N/a and 10 lb S, grain protein was 10.9%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 45 and 130 lb N/a with 10 lb Se0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Value
- 10.9%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 45 and 130 lb N/a with 10 lb S produced protein of 10.9% and 11.9%, respectively.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 130 lb N/a and 10 lb S, grain protein was 11.9%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Value
- 11.9%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 45 and 130 lb N/a with 10 lb S produced protein of 10.9% and 11.9%, respectively.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 130 lb N/a, 0 or 10 lb S increased protein to 12.6–12.8%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 130 lb N/a with 0 or 10 lb Se0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12.6–12.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“130 lb N/a with 0 or 10 lb S increased protein to 12.6–12.8%.”
t0“Wheat Grain Yield”
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