Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted at El Karda experimental research station, kafr El Sheikh governorate, Water Management and Irrigation System Research Institute, National Water Research Center, Egypt during two seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management. Experiment laid out in strip plot design with three replicates. Main plots devoted to planting methods as assigned to six planting methods; Flat broadcasting (FB), Flat Drill (FD), Flat Hill (FH), Bed broadcasting (BB), Bed Drill (BD), and Bed Hill (BH), the sub plots were three levels of irrigation water applied; Calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity (I1), Calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-40 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity (I2), and Calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity (I3). The important results that obtained from present work were as follows:- Planting methods had non-significant effect on grain yield in the first season and a highly significant effect in the second season. Also, irrigation levels had non-significant effect and interaction between both Planting methods and irrigation levels in both seasons.- Planting methods had a significant effect on straw yield in first season, and a highly significant effect in second season, and irrigation levels had non-significant effect, and the interaction between planting method and Irrigation levels in both seasons.-Flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity had the highest value of seasonal water applied in the first and second season. While, the lowest value of seasonal water applied recorded with bed drill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity.-The highest average value of water saving was obtained with bed drill and bed hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity, and the lowest value was obtained with flat drill and flat hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity.-The highest value of water consumptive use was recorded under flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity, while the lowest value was recorded under flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity.-Bed drill and bed hill under calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity recorded the highest mean values of irrigation water productivity in the two growing seasons.-Bed hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity recorded the maximum value of water productivity in the first and second seasons, while the minimum value of water productivity was obtained with Flat broadcasting under calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity in the first and second seasons.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Planting methods had no significant effect on wheat grain yield in the first season.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- planting methodse1
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Qualifier
- in the first seasone2
- Setting
- El Karda experimental research station, kafr El Sheikh governoratee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two field experiments were conducted at El Karda experimental research station, kafr El Sheikh governorate”
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“Planting methods had non-significant effect on grain yield in the first season and a highly significant effect in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting methods had a highly significant effect on wheat grain yield in the second season.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- planting methodse1
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Qualifier
- in the second seasone2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two field experiments were conducted at El Karda experimental research station, kafr El Sheikh governorate”
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“Planting methods had non-significant effect on grain yield in the first season and a highly significant effect in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting methods had a significant effect on wheat straw yield in the first season.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- planting methodse1
- Outcome
- straw yielde3
- Qualifier
- in first seasone3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e3“Planting methods had a significant effect on straw yield in first season, and a highly significant effect in second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting methods had a highly significant effect on wheat straw yield in the second season.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- planting methodse1
- Outcome
- straw yielde3
- Qualifier
- in second seasone3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e3“Planting methods had a significant effect on straw yield in first season, and a highly significant effect in second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation levels had no significant effect on wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- irrigation levelse4
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“Planting methods had non-significant effect on grain yield in the first season and a highly significant effect in the second season”
e4“irrigation levels had non-significant effect and interaction between both Planting methods and irrigation levels in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation levels had no significant effect on wheat straw yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Irrigation levelse5
- Outcome
- straw yielde3
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e3“Planting methods had a significant effect on straw yield in first season, and a highly significant effect in second season”
e5“irrigation levels had non-significant effect, and the interaction between planting method and Irrigation levels in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction between planting methods and irrigation levels had no significant effect on wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Planting methods and irrigation levelse4
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“Planting methods had non-significant effect on grain yield in the first season and a highly significant effect in the second season”
e4“irrigation levels had non-significant effect and interaction between both Planting methods and irrigation levels in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction between planting method and irrigation levels had no significant effect on wheat straw yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- planting method and Irrigation levelse5
- Outcome
- straw yielde3
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e3“Planting methods had a significant effect on straw yield in first season, and a highly significant effect in second season”
e5“irrigation levels had non-significant effect, and the interaction between planting method and Irrigation levels in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Flat broadcasting with irrigation scheduling to 0-60 cm soil depth gave the highest seasonal water applied in the first and second seasons.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cme6
- Outcome
- seasonal water appliede6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Qualifier
- in the first and second seasone6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e6“Flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity had the highest value of seasonal water applied in the first and second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Bed drill with irrigation scheduling to 0-20 cm soil depth gave the lowest seasonal water applied.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- bed drill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cme7
- Outcome
- seasonal water appliede7
- Direction
- loweste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e7“While, the lowest value of seasonal water applied recorded with bed drill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
Bed drill and bed hill with irrigation scheduling to 0-20 cm soil depth gave the highest water saving.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- bed drill and bed hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cme2
- Outcome
- water savinge2
- Direction
- higheste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“The highest average value of water saving was obtained with bed drill and bed hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity, and the lowest value was obtained with flat drill and flat hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
Flat drill and flat hill with irrigation scheduling to 0-60 cm soil depth gave the lowest water saving.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- flat drill and flat hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cme2
- Outcome
- water savinge2
- Direction
- loweste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“The highest average value of water saving was obtained with bed drill and bed hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity, and the lowest value was obtained with flat drill and flat hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
Flat broadcasting with irrigation scheduling to 0-60 cm soil depth gave the highest water consumptive use.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cme2
- Outcome
- water consumptive usee2
- Direction
- higheste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“The highest value of water consumptive use was recorded under flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity, while the lowest value was recorded under flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
Flat broadcasting with irrigation scheduling to 0-20 cm soil depth gave the lowest water consumptive use.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cme2
- Outcome
- water consumptive usee2
- Direction
- loweste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“The highest value of water consumptive use was recorded under flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity, while the lowest value was recorded under flat broadcasting with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
Bed drill and bed hill under 0-20 cm soil-depth scheduling gave the highest mean irrigation water productivity in both seasons.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Bed drill and bed hill under calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cme2
- Outcome
- irrigation water productivitye2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Qualifier
- in the two growing seasonse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“Bed drill and bed hill under calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity recorded the highest mean values of irrigation water productivity in the two growing seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Bed hill with 0-20 cm soil-depth scheduling gave the maximum water productivity in the first and second seasons.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Bed hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cme2
- Outcome
- water productivitye2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Qualifier
- in the first and second seasonse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“Bed hill with calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-20 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity recorded the maximum value of water productivity in the first and second seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Flat broadcasting with 0-60 cm soil-depth scheduling gave the minimum water productivity in the first and second seasons.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Flat broadcasting under calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cme2
- Outcome
- water productivitye2
- Direction
- minimume2
- Qualifier
- in the first and second seasonse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of planting methods and irrigation treatments on yield of wheat and irrigation water management”
e2“while the minimum value of water productivity was obtained with Flat broadcasting under calculation of water applied according to soil depth 0-60 cm as root length to reach soil moisture before irrigation to field capacity in the first and second seasons”
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