Abstract
Field evaluation of imazethapyr and its ready-mix combinations with pendimethalin and imazamox for their effect on weeds and yield and economics of pea is reported. Twelve treatments viz., pendimethalin 750 g ha-1 as pre-emergence, imazethapyr at 60 and 70 g ha-1 as pre-emergence and at 70 and 80 g ha-1 as early postemergence; pendimethalin + imazethapyr at 800 and 900 g ha-1 as pre-emergence, imazethapyr + imazamox at 50, 60 and 70 g ha-1 as post-emergence, hand weeding twice and weedy check were tested during three consecutive winters of 2014–15 to 2016–17 at Palampur. Avena ludoviciana (31.3%), Phalaris minor (31.3%) and Lolium temulentum (25%) were the major weeds. Application of imazethapyr at 80 g ha-1 early post-emergence being at par with pre-emergence pendimethalin + imazethapyr at 800 or 900 g ha-1 controlled the weeds effectively and resulted in highest green pea yield, net returns due to weed control and marginal benefit-cost ratio (MBCR). Early post emergence application of imazethapyr 80 g ha-1 resulted in the highest weed control efficiency, weed management index, agronomic management index, and integrated weed management index, and the lowest weed index. Weeds reduced green pea yield by 80.2 per cent. With every g m-2 increase in weed weight, the green pea yield decreased by 75.1 kg ha-1. Based on the overall impact index, early post-emergence imazethapyr 70–80 g ha-1, pre-emergence imazethapyr 60–70 g ha-1 and pre-emergence ready-mix combination consisting of pendimethalin + imazethapyr at 800–900 g ha-1 may be used for weed control in pea under Palam Valley conditions of Himachal Pradesh.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Avena ludoviciana represented 31.3% of the major weeds.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Interactor
- Avena ludoviciana
.jpg?width=60)
Avena sterilis subsp. ludovicianae0weed - Outcome
- Avena ludovicianae0
- Value
- 31.3%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Avena ludoviciana (31.3%), Phalaris minor (31.3%) and Lolium temulentum (25%) were the major weeds.”
t0“Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Phalaris minor represented 31.3% of the major weeds.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- Phalaris minor
.jpg?width=60)
Phalaris minore0weed - Outcome
- Phalaris minore0
- Value
- 31.3%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Avena ludoviciana (31.3%), Phalaris minor (31.3%) and Lolium temulentum (25%) were the major weeds.”
t0“Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Lolium temulentum represented 25% of the major weeds.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- Lolium temulentum
Lolium temulentume0weed - Outcome
- Lolium temulentume0
- Value
- 25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Avena ludoviciana (31.3%), Phalaris minor (31.3%) and Lolium temulentum (25%) were the major weeds.”
t0“Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Early post-emergence imazethapyr at 80 g ha-1 controlled weeds effectively and gave the highest green pea yield and economic returns.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- imazethapyr at 80 g ha-1 early post-emergencee0
- Outcome
- green pea yield, net returns due to weed control and marginal benefit-cost ratio (MBCR)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- pre-emergence pendimethalin + imazethapyr at 800 or 900 g ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of imazethapyr at 80 g ha-1 early post-emergence being at par with pre-emergence pendimethalin + imazethapyr at 800 or 900 g ha-1 controlled the weeds effectively and resulted in highest green pea yield, net returns due to weed control and marginal benefit-cost ratio (MBCR).”
t0“Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Early post-emergence imazethapyr at 80 g ha-1 produced the highest weed control and management indices and lowest weed index.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- imazethapyr 80 g ha-1e0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiency, weed management index, agronomic management index, and integrated weed management indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early post emergence application of imazethapyr 80 g ha-1 resulted in the highest weed control efficiency, weed management index, agronomic management index, and integrated weed management index, and the lowest weed index.”
t0“Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Weeds reduced green pea yield by 80.2 per cent.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- Weedse0weed
- Outcome
- green pea yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 80.2 per cente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weeds reduced green pea yield by 80.2 per cent.”
t0“Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Each g m-2 increase in weed weight corresponded to 75.1 kg ha-1 less green pea yield.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- green pea yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 75.1 kg ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- every g m-2 increase in weed weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With every g m-2 increase in weed weight, the green pea yield decreased by 75.1 kg ha-1.”
t0“Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend several imazethapyr treatments for weed control in pea in Palam Valley.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Setting
- Palam Valleye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“early post-emergence imazethapyr 70–80 g ha-1, pre-emergence imazethapyr 60–70 g ha-1 and pre-emergence ready-mix combination consisting of pendimethalin + imazethapyr at 800–900 g ha-1 may be used for weed control in pea under Palam Valley conditions of Himachal Pradesh.”
The same questions in other papers
Imazethapyr · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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See all 12 papers →Imazethapyr · weed · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 7 papers →herbicide · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results differ
44 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
58 papers more in this group
See all 62 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.