Abstract
Abstract Salinity stress adversely affects the growth and productivity of different crops. In the present study, we isolated the rhizospheric bacteria Arthrobacter woluwensis AK1 from Pohang beach, South Korea and determined its plant growth-promoting potential under NaCl salt stress (0, 100, and 200 mM). AK1 has phosphate-solubilizing activity and produce siderophores, organic acids, and phytohormones such as gibberellic acid (GA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) that significantly alleviate sodium chloride (NaCl) stress and increase all plant growth attributes. Furthermore, inoculation of AK1 significantly decreased endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) content, extensively regulated the antioxidant activities and mitigated NaCl stress. Similarly, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry results showed that soybean plants inoculated with AK1 significantly decreased the amount of sodium (Na+) uptake during NaCl stress after 6 and 12 days. Four genes, auxin resistant 1 (GmLAX1), potassium channel AKT2 (GmAKT2), soybean salt tolerance 1 (GmST1), and salt tolerance-associated gene on chromosome 3 (GmSALT3) were up-regulated, while two genes chloride channel gene (GmNHX1) and Na+/H+ antiporter (GmCLC1) were down-regulated in soybean AK1treated plants. In conclusion, AK1 can mitigate salinity stress, increase plant growth and could be utilized as an eco-friendly bio-fertilizer under salinity stress.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
AK1 solubilized phosphate.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Interactor
- AK1e0symbiont
- Outcome
- phosphate-solubilizing activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AK1 has phosphate-solubilizing activity”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
AK1 produced siderophores, organic acids and phytohormones.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- AK1e1symbiont
- Outcome
- siderophores, organic acids, and phytohormonese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“produce siderophores, organic acids, and phytohormones such as gibberellic acid (GA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)”
t0“soybean”
e1“AK1 has phosphate-solubilizing activity and produce siderophores”
Claim · model-written summary
AK1 alleviated sodium chloride stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- AK1e1
- Interactor
- AK1e1symbiont
- Outcome
- sodium chloride (NaCl) stresse0
- Direction
- alleviatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly alleviate sodium chloride (NaCl) stress”
t0“soybean”
e1“AK1 has phosphate-solubilizing activity”
Claim · model-written summary
AK1 increased all measured plant growth attributes.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- AK1e1
- Interactor
- AK1e1symbiont
- Outcome
- all plant growth attributese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase all plant growth attributes”
t0“soybean”
e1“AK1 has phosphate-solubilizing activity”
Claim · model-written summary
AK1 inoculation decreased endogenous ABA content.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- inoculation of AK1e0
- Interactor
- AK1e0symbiont
- Outcome
- endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation of AK1 significantly decreased endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) content”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
AK1 regulated antioxidant activities.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- AK1e1
- Interactor
- AK1e1symbiont
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitiese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“extensively regulated the antioxidant activities”
t0“soybean”
e1“inoculation of AK1 significantly decreased endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) content”
Claim · model-written summary
AK1 inoculation decreased sodium uptake during salt stress after six and twelve days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- inoculated with AK1e0
- Interactor
- AK1e0symbiont
- Outcome
- sodium (Na+) uptakee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- during NaCl stress after 6 and 12 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean plants inoculated with AK1 significantly decreased the amount of sodium (Na+) uptake during NaCl stress after 6 and 12 days”
Claim · model-written summary
GmLAX1, GmAKT2 and GmST1 were up-regulated under AK1 treatment.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Gene
- GmLAX1e0
- Outcome
- GmLAX1), potassium channel AKT2 (GmAKT2), soybean salt tolerance 1 (GmST1), and salt tolerance-associated gene on chromosome 3 (GmSALT3)e0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“auxin resistant 1 (GmLAX1), potassium channel AKT2 (GmAKT2), soybean salt tolerance 1 (GmST1), and salt tolerance-associated gene on chromosome 3 (GmSALT3) were up-regulated”
Claim · model-written summary
GmNHX1 and GmCLC1 were down-regulated under AK1 treatment.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Gene
- GmNHX1e0
- Outcome
- GmNHX1) and Na+/H+ antiporter (GmCLC1)e0
- Direction
- down-regulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chloride channel gene (GmNHX1) and Na+/H+ antiporter (GmCLC1) were down-regulated in soybean AK1treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose AK1 as a biofertilizer under salinity stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- AK1e0symbiont
- Outcome
- eco-friendly bio-fertilizer under salinity stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AK1 can mitigate salinity stress, increase plant growth and could be utilized as an eco-friendly bio-fertilizer under salinity stress”
t0“soybean”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · physiology: hormones · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 13 papers →inoculation · physiology: ion balance · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.