Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out during summer seasons of 2014 and 2015 at Exp. Farm, Fac. Environ. Agric. Sci., El-Arish, North Sinai, Egypt, to study the effect of water stress and phosphorus rates on growth, yield and its components as well as water and phosphorus use efficiency on cowpea cv. '' Kafr-El Sheikh'' grown under sandy soil conditions using drip irrigation system. The experiment included 12 treatments, which were the combinations of three water levels; viz., 50, 75 and 100 % of irrigation water requirements (IWR) and four rates of phosphorus (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P2O5 / fed.). The results show that increasing irrigation deficit increased water saving and water use efficiency (WUE), however it reduce seed yield/fed. The highest value of water saving and WUE was obtained from 50% IWR treatment. However, the highest value of phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) was achieved by treatment received 40 kg P2O5/fed. as well as, significant differences among irrigation water levels and phosphorus rates and their interactions were detected for all studied traits in both seasons. The high level of IWR (100%) gave the best values for all traits under study without significant differences when compared with 75% of IWR for some traits, except protein % which increased with addition of the lowest level (50% IWR) in both seasons. Application of phosphorus at rates of 40 or 60 kg P2O5 /fed. exhibited the highest results for all studied characters in both seasons. The best combinations treatments for growth and yield were supplying cowpea plants with 100 % of IWR and fertilizing the highest two rates of phosphorus (40 or 60 kg P2O5/fed. for all traits, followed by the medium level (75% of IWR) with the both high rates of P2O5.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation deficit increased water saving.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- increasing irrigation deficite0
- Outcome
- water savinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation deficit increased water saving and water use efficiency (WUE), however it reduce seed yield/fed.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation deficit increased water use efficiency (WUE).
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- increasing irrigation deficite0
- Outcome
- water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation deficit increased water saving and water use efficiency (WUE), however it reduce seed yield/fed.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation deficit reduce seed yield/fed..
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- increasing irrigation deficite0
- Outcome
- seed yield/fed.e0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation deficit increased water saving and water use efficiency (WUE), however it reduce seed yield/fed.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50% IWR treatment gave the highest water saving.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 50% IWR treatmente0
- Outcome
- water savinge0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest value of water saving and WUE was obtained from 50% IWR treatment”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50% IWR treatment gave the highest WUE.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 50% IWR treatmente0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest value of water saving and WUE was obtained from 50% IWR treatment”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus use efficiency was highest at 40 kg P2O5/fed.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 40 kg P2O5/fed.e0
- Outcome
- phosphorus use efficiency (PUE)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest value of phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) was achieved by treatment received 40 kg P2O5/fed.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation level, phosphorus rate, and their interaction differed significantly for all studied traits in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Outcome
- all studied traitse0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences among irrigation water levels and phosphorus rates and their interactions were detected for all studied traits in both seasons”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
100% IWR gave the best overall trait values; some traits did not differ significantly from 75% IWR.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- IWR (100%)e0
- Outcome
- all traits under studye0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- 75% of IWRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The high level of IWR (100%) gave the best values for all traits under study without significant differences when compared with 75% of IWR for some traits”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein percentage increased at 50% IWR in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 50% IWRe0
- Outcome
- protein %e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protein % which increased with addition of the lowest level (50% IWR) in both seasons”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
40 kg P2O5 /fed. gave the highest results for studied characters.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 40 or 60 kg P2O5 /fed.e0
- Outcome
- all studied characterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of phosphorus at rates of 40 or 60 kg P2O5 /fed. exhibited the highest results for all studied characters in both seasons”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
60 kg P2O5 /fed. gave the highest results for studied characters.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 60 kg P2O5 /fed.e0
- Outcome
- all studied characterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of phosphorus at rates of 40 or 60 kg P2O5 /fed. exhibited the highest results for all studied characters in both seasons”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The best growth and yield combinations used 100% IWR with high phosphorus rates.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- 100 % of IWRe0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best combinations treatments for growth and yield were supplying cowpea plants with 100 % of IWR and fertilizing the highest two rates of phosphorus (40 or 60 kg P2O5/fed. for all traits, followed by the medium level (75% of IWR) with the both high rates of P2O5”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.