Abstract
Summary Nonspecific lipid transfer proteins (ns LTP s) play critical roles in plant development and response to abiotic stresses. Here, we found that a rice lipid transfer protein, Os LTPL 159, was associated with cold tolerance at the early seedling stage. Overexpression of an Os LTPL 159 IL 112 allele from the cold‐tolerant introgression line IL 112 in either the japonica variety Zhonghua17 ( ZH 17) or the indica variety Teqing background dramatically enhanced cold tolerance. In addition, down‐regulation of the expression of Os LTPL 159 in the japonica variety ZH 17 by RNA interference ( RNA i) significantly decreased cold tolerance. Further transcriptomic, physiological and histological analysis showed that the Os LTPL 159 IL 112 allele likely enhanced the cold tolerance of rice at the early seedling stage by decreasing the toxic effect of reactive oxygen species, enhancing cellulose deposition in the cell wall and promoting osmolyte accumulation, thereby maintaining the integrity of the chloroplasts. Notably, overexpression of another allele, Os LTPL 159 GC 2 , from the recipient parent Guichao 2 ( GC 2), an indica variety, did not improve cold tolerance, indicating that the variations in the Os LTPL 159 coding region of GC 2 might disrupt its function for cold tolerance. Further sequence comparison found that all 22 japonica varieties surveyed had an Os LTPL 159 haplotype identical to IL 112 and were more cold‐tolerant than the surveyed indica varieties, implying that the variations in Os LTPL 159 might be associated with differential cold tolerance of japonica and indica rice. Therefore, our findings suggest that the Os LTPL 159 allele of japonica rice could be used to improve cold tolerance of indica rice through a molecular breeding strategy.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpressing the IL 112 allele enhanced cold tolerance in Zhonghua17.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- Zhonghua17e0
- Organ / stage
- early seedling stagee1
- Treatment
- Overexpressione0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159 IL 112e0
- Outcome
- cold tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- Teqinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overexpression of an Os LTPL 159 IL 112 allele from the cold‐tolerant introgression line IL 112 in either the japonica variety Zhonghua17 ( ZH 17) or the indica variety Teqing background dramatically enhanced cold tolerance.”
t0“rice”
e1“associated with cold tolerance at the early seedling stage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpressing the IL 112 allele enhanced cold tolerance in Teqing.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Teqinge0
- Treatment
- Overexpressione0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159 IL 112e0
- Outcome
- cold tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- Zhonghua17e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overexpression of an Os LTPL 159 IL 112 allele from the cold‐tolerant introgression line IL 112 in either the japonica variety Zhonghua17 ( ZH 17) or the indica variety Teqing background dramatically enhanced cold tolerance.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
RNA interference downregulation of Os LTPL 159 decreased cold tolerance in ZH 17.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ZH 17e0
- Treatment
- RNA interference ( RNA i)e0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159e0
- Outcome
- cold tolerancee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In addition, down‐regulation of the expression of Os LTPL 159 in the japonica variety ZH 17 by RNA interference ( RNA i) significantly decreased cold tolerance.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The IL 112 allele likely reduced the toxic effect of reactive oxygen species.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- early seedling stagee0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159 IL 112e0
- Outcome
- toxic effect of reactive oxygen speciese0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further transcriptomic, physiological and histological analysis showed that the Os LTPL 159 IL 112 allele likely enhanced the cold tolerance of rice at the early seedling stage by decreasing the toxic effect of reactive oxygen species, enhancing cellulose deposition in the cell wall and promoting osmolyte accumulation, thereby maintaining the integrity of the chloroplasts.”
Claim · model-written summary
The IL 112 allele likely enhanced cellulose deposition in the cell wall.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159 IL 112e0
- Outcome
- cellulose deposition in the cell walle0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further transcriptomic, physiological and histological analysis showed that the Os LTPL 159 IL 112 allele likely enhanced the cold tolerance of rice at the early seedling stage by decreasing the toxic effect of reactive oxygen species, enhancing cellulose deposition in the cell wall and promoting osmolyte accumulation, thereby maintaining the integrity of the chloroplasts.”
Claim · model-written summary
The IL 112 allele likely promoted osmolyte accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159 IL 112e0
- Outcome
- osmolyte accumulatione0
- Direction
- promotinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further transcriptomic, physiological and histological analysis showed that the Os LTPL 159 IL 112 allele likely enhanced the cold tolerance of rice at the early seedling stage by decreasing the toxic effect of reactive oxygen species, enhancing cellulose deposition in the cell wall and promoting osmolyte accumulation, thereby maintaining the integrity of the chloroplasts.”
Claim · model-written summary
The IL 112 allele likely maintained chloroplast integrity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159 IL 112e0
- Outcome
- integrity of the chloroplastse0
- Direction
- maintaininge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further transcriptomic, physiological and histological analysis showed that the Os LTPL 159 IL 112 allele likely enhanced the cold tolerance of rice at the early seedling stage by decreasing the toxic effect of reactive oxygen species, enhancing cellulose deposition in the cell wall and promoting osmolyte accumulation, thereby maintaining the integrity of the chloroplasts.”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of the GC 2 allele did not improve cold tolerance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Guichao 2e0
- Treatment
- overexpressione0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159 GC 2e0
- Outcome
- cold tolerancee0
- Direction
- did not improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Notably, overexpression of another allele, Os LTPL 159 GC 2 , from the recipient parent Guichao 2 ( GC 2), an indica variety, did not improve cold tolerance, indicating that the variations in the Os LTPL 159 coding region of GC 2 might disrupt its function for cold tolerance.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
All 22 surveyed japonica varieties carried the IL 112 haplotype.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- japonica varietiese0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159e0
- Outcome
- haplotype identical to IL 112e0
- Value
- 22e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further sequence comparison found that all 22 japonica varieties surveyed had an Os LTPL 159 haplotype identical to IL 112 and were more cold‐tolerant than the surveyed indica varieties, implying that the variations in Os LTPL 159 might be associated with differential cold tolerance of japonica and indica rice.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Surveyed japonica varieties were more cold tolerant than indica varieties.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- japonica varietiese0
- Outcome
- cold‐tolerante0
- Direction
- more cold‐tolerante0
- Comparator
- indica varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further sequence comparison found that all 22 japonica varieties surveyed had an Os LTPL 159 haplotype identical to IL 112 and were more cold‐tolerant than the surveyed indica varieties, implying that the variations in Os LTPL 159 might be associated with differential cold tolerance of japonica and indica rice.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The japonica allele is proposed for improving indica rice cold tolerance through molecular breeding.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- Os LTPL 159e0
- Outcome
- improve cold tolerance of indica ricee0
- Direction
- improvee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, our findings suggest that the Os LTPL 159 allele of japonica rice could be used to improve cold tolerance of indica rice through a molecular breeding strategy.”
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